Table 1.
Descriptions of study individuals’ characteristics.
| Variables | Total (n = 12696) | Q1 (n = 3174) | Q2 (n = 3174) | Q3 (n = 3173) | Q4 (n = 3175) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | 0.341 | |||||
| Female | 6490 (51.12%) | 1614 (50.85%) | 1597 (50.32%) | 1665 (52.47%) | 1614 (50.83%) | |
| Male | 6206 (48.88%) | 1560 (49.15%) | 1577 (49.68%) | 1508 (47.53%) | 1561 (49.17%) | |
| Age, n (%) | 0.177 | |||||
| 20–40 years | 5052 (39.79%) | 1246 (39.26%) | 1276 (40.20%) | 1284 (40.47%) | 1246 (39.24%) | |
| 40–60 years | 4248 (33.46%) | 1102 (34.72%) | 1004 (31.63%) | 1048 (33.03%) | 1094 (34.46%) | |
| 60–80 years | 2840 (22.37%) | 691 (21.77%) | 755 (23.79%) | 710 (22.38%) | 684 (21.54%) | |
| 80 + years | 556 (4.38%) | 135 (4.25%) | 139 (4.38%) | 131 (4.13%) | 151 (4.76%) | |
| Race, n (%) | 0.007 | |||||
| Mexican American | 2123 (16.72%) | 533 (16.79%) | 561 (17.67%) | 486 (15.32%) | 543 (17.10%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2508 (19.75%) | 632 (19.91%) | 629 (19.82%) | 621 (19.57%) | 626 (19.72%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 6009 (47.33%) | 1479 (46.60%) | 1484 (46.75%) | 1503 (47.37%) | 1543 (48.60%) | |
| Other Hispanic | 1127 (8.88%) | 290 (9.14%) | 301 (9.48%) | 289 (9.11%) | 247 (7.78%) | |
| Other Race | 929 (7.32%) | 240 (7.56%) | 199 (6.27%) | 274 (8.64%) | 216 (6.80%) | |
| PIR, n (%) | 0.853 | |||||
| High income (2 to < 3) | 1815 (14.30%) | 436 (13.74%) | 458 (14.43%) | 465 (14.65%) | 456 (14.36%) | |
| Higher income (3 or greater) | 5049 (39.77%) | 1268 (39.95%) | 1253 (39.48%) | 1279 (40.31%) | 1249 (39.34%) | |
| Low income (< 1) | 2542 (20.02%) | 619 (19.50%) | 657 (20.70%) | 619 (19.51%) | 647 (20.38%) | |
| Normal (1 to < 2) | 3290 (25.91%) | 851 (26.81%) | 806 (25.39%) | 810 (25.53%) | 823 (25.92%) | |
| Alcohol, n (%) | 0.533 | |||||
| No | 11,343 (89.34%) | 2856 (89.98%) | 2836 (89.35%) | 2820 (88.87%) | 2831 (89.17%) | |
| Yes | 1353 (10.66%) | 318 (10.02%) | 338 (10.65%) | 353 (11.13%) | 344 (10.83%) | |
| Level, n (%) | 0.028 | |||||
| Both moderate and vigorous | 2689 (21.18%) | 634 (19.97%) | 657 (20.70%) | 675 (21.27%) | 723 (22.77%) | |
| Inactive | 6177 (48.65%) | 1508 (47.51%) | 1549 (48.80%) | 1568 (49.42%) | 1552 (48.88%) | |
| Moderate | 3159 (24.88%) | 844 (26.59%) | 807 (25.43%) | 766 (24.14%) | 742 (23.37%) | |
| Vigorous | 671 (5.29%) | 188 (5.92%) | 161 (5.07%) | 164 (5.17%) | 158 (4.98%) | |
| BMI, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Normal (18.5 to < 25) | 3991 (31.44%) | 846 (26.65%) | 973 (30.66%) | 1073 (33.82%) | 1099 (34.61%) | |
| Obese (30 or greater) | 4820 (37.96%) | 1303 (41.05%) | 1177 (37.08%) | 1170 (36.87%) | 1170 (36.85%) | |
| Overweight (25 to < 30) | 3765 (29.66%) | 990 (31.19%) | 997 (31.41%) | 907 (28.58%) | 871 (27.43%) | |
| Underweight(< 18.5) | 120 (0.95%) | 35 (1.10%) | 27 (0.85%) | 23 (0.72%) | 35 (1.10)% | |
| Edu, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| < High school | 1541 (12.14%) | 144 (4.54%) | 286 (9.01%) | 442 (13.93%) | 669 (21.07%) | |
| > High school | 9159 (72.14%) | 2592 (81.66%) | 2427 (76.47%) | 2210 (69.65%) | 1930 (60.79%) | |
| Completed high school | 1996 (15.72%) | 438 (13.80%) | 461 (14.52%) | 521 (16.42%) | 576 (18.14%) | |
| Marital, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Married/living with partner | 7864 (61.97%) | 1795 (56.59%) | 2089 (65.82%) | 2085 (65.73%) | 1895 (59.72%) | |
| Widowed/divorced/separated/never married | 4827 (38.03%) | 1377 (43.41%) | 1085 (34.18%) | 1087 (34.27%) | 1278 (40.28%) | |
| Smoke, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Current | 2763 (21.76%) | 856 (26.97%) | 733 (23.09%) | 635 (20.01%) | 539 (16.98%) | |
| Former | 3018 (23.77%) | 513 (16.16%) | 704 (22.18%) | 851 (26.82%) | 950 (29.92%) | |
| Never | 6915 (54.47%) | 1805 (56.87%) | 1737 (54.73%) | 1687 (53.17%) | 1686 (53.10%) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Yes | 4017 (31.64%) | 944 (29.74%) | 947 (29.84%) | 1027 (32.37%) | 1099 (34.61%) | |
| No | 8679 (68.36%) | 2230 (70.26%) | 2227 (70.16%) | 2146 (67.63%) | 2076 (65.39%) | |
| Failing kidneys, n (%) | 0.002 | |||||
| Yes | 297 (2.34%) | 63 (1.98%) | 57 (1.80%) | 77 (2.43%) | 100 (3.15%) | |
| No | 12,399 (97.66%) | 3111 (98.02%) | 3117 (98.20%) | 3096 (97.57%) | 3075 (96.85%) | |
| OP, n (%) | 0.002 | |||||
| Yes | 549 (4.32%) | 130 (4.10%) | 105 (3.31%) | 159 (5.01%) | 155 (4.88%) | |
| No | 12,147 (95.68%) | 3044 (95.90%) | 3069 (96.69%) | 3014 (94.99%) | 3020 (95.12%) | |
| Sleep disorder, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 10,958 (86.31%) | 2817 (88.75%) | 2787 (87.81%) | 2722 (85.79%) | 2632 (82.90%) | |
| Yes | 1738 (13.69%) | 357 (11.25%) | 387 (12.19%) | 451 (14.21%) | 543 (17.10%) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 10,809 (85.14%) | 3052 (96.16%) | 2886 (90.93%) | 2647 (83.42%) | 2224 (70.05%) | |
| Yes | 1887 (14.86%) | 122 (3.84%) | 288 (9.07%) | 526 (16.58%) | 951 (29.95%) | |
| OA status, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| No | 12,095 (95.27%) | 3109 (97.95%) | 3040 (95.78%) | 3007 (94.77%) | 2939 (92.57%) | |
| Yes | 601 (4.73%) | 65 (2.05%) | 134 (4.22%) | 166 (5.23%) | 236 (7.43%) |