Table 2.
Risk of CVD associated with Decline in Percentage of Predicted FEV1
| Outcomes | N | Events | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value | HR (95% CI) | P Value | |||
| CHD | ||||||||
| Nonrapid decliners | 22246 | 826 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Rapid decliners | 7416 | 310 | 1.129 (0.991–1.287) | 0.068 | 1.159 (1.016–1.320) | 0.028 | 1.150 (1.009–1.311) | 0.036 |
| Arrhythmia | ||||||||
| Nonrapid decliners | 22246 | 1007 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Rapid decliners | 7416 | 421 | 1.262 (1.127–1.414) | < 0.001 | 1.308 (1.167–1.466) | < 0.001 | 1.307 (1.167–1.465) | < 0.001 |
| HF | ||||||||
| Nonrapid decliners | 22246 | 184 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Rapid decliners | 7416 | 83 | 1.355 (1.046–1.756) | 0.022 | 1.410 (1.087–1.827) | 0.010 | 1.406 (1.084–1.822) | 0.010 |
| PAD | ||||||||
| Nonrapid decliners | 22246 | 300 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Rapid decliners | 7416 | 130 | 1.301 (1.059–1.599) | 0.010 | 1.306 (1.063–1.607) | 0.011 | 1.287 (1.047–1.582) | 0.017 |
| Other types of CVD | ||||||||
| Nonrapid decliners | 22246 | 746 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Rapid decliners | 7416 | 287 | 1.157 (1.010–1.326) | 0.036 | 1.177 (1.027–1.348) | 0.019 | 1.170 (1.022–1.340) | 0.024 |
| CVD (Composite) | ||||||||
| Nonrapid decliners | 22246 | 2210 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Rapid decliners | 7416 | 868 | 1.190 (1.100–1.287) | < 0.001 | 1.221 (1.1294–1.322) | < 0.001 | 1.216 (1.124–1.315) | < 0.001 |
Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for gender, education level, height, and BMI; Model 3: adjusted for gender, education level, height, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption frequency, hypertension, and diabetes. Composite endpoint includes CHD, arrhythmia, HF, PAD, endocarditis, stroke, and myocardial diseases
HR Hazard Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in 1 s, CHD Coronary Heart Disease, HF Heart Failure, PAD Peripheral Arterial Disease, CVD Cardiovascular Disease