Table 1.

Existing psychological interventions for burn treatment adherence.

Intervention	Benefits	Limitations	Relevant Citations
Behavioral interventions for distraction (e.g., hypnosis, virtual reality, guided imagery relaxation training)	Improved pain control Useful to build rapport in acute care	VR requires equipment; hypnosis requires specialized training	Patterson et al., 2021 [57] Soltani et al., 2018 [58] Weichman & Patterson, 2004 [29]
Bereavement and trauma-informed psychotherapy	Considers patient’s stage of emotional processing of injuries and losses May facilitate subsequent participation in treatment	Does not directly promote behavior change	Weichman & Patterson, 2004 [59]
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)	Improves pain control, lessens distress, and reduces maladaptive pain behaviors	Requires specific provider training Poor delivery of CBT can fail to build rapport	Askay et al., 2009 [60]
Assessment of patient’s coping style	Supports patients’ active role in their care Educates interdisciplinary team members to improve treatment delivery	Primarily used in long-term rehabilitative stage with limited acute stage applications	Askay et al., 2009 [10]
Psychoeducation	Prepares patients for upcoming challenges	Not comprehensive Requires additional skills and specific coping techniques	Ripper et al., 2009 [61]
Assertiveness and communication skills training	Improves communication between patients, providers, and supporters to improve quality of care and support Facilitates faster re-integration into social lives and improve long-term adjustment	Not comprehensive Most helpful in group settings which are not always available	Ripper et al., 2009 [61]
Substance use treatment	May help with appointment follow-up and home wound care May prevent future injuries	High attrition rates	Palmu et al., 2018 [62]