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Vector plots show the signal shift. Two-dimensional shift of scattering signals when beamformed with a speed of 1451, 1510, 1570, and 1650 m/s in (a)-(d), respectively. Spatial shift was calculated relative to a base beamforming speed of 1540 m/s using equation (2) for a sparse grid. Results are shown for multi-static beamforming with the whole aperture in each pixel. Vector magnitudes are shown in the correct scale.
