Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with CLTI or non-CLTI who underwent a peripheral vascular intervention by age groups (< 75 and ≥ 75 years).
| CLTI (N = 7273) |
Standardized difference | Non-CLTI (N = 5095) |
Standardized difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 75 years old (n = 3209) | ≥ 75 years old (n = 4064) | < 75 years old (n = 2889) | ≥ 75 years old (n = 2206) | |||
|
| ||||||
| Age, years | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 69.4 (2.9) | 82.3 (5.0) | −3.164 | 69.5 (2.9) | 80.2 (4.2) | −2.981 |
| Median [Q1; Q3] | 70.0 [67.0; 72.0] | 82.0 [78.0; 87.0] | 70.0 [67.0; 72.0] | 79.0 [77.0; 83.0] | ||
| Femalea | 1125 (35.1) | 1875 (46.1) | 0.227 | 1005 (34.8) | 929 (42.1) | 0.151 |
| Hispanic or Latinoa | 161 (5.0) | 154 (3.8) | 0.060 | 59 (2.0) | 47 (2.1) | 0.006 |
| Racea | 0.129 | 0.073 | ||||
| White | 2425 (75.6) | 3267 (80.4) | 2522 (87.3) | 1935 (87.7) | ||
| Black or African American | 588 (16.3) | 556 (13.7) | 275 (9.5) | 178 (8.1) | ||
| Other | 196 (6.1) | 241 (5.9) | 92 (3.2) | 93 (4.2) | ||
| Primary insurera | 0.116 | 0.113 | ||||
| Medicare/Medicaid | 3049 (95.0) | 3952 (97.2) | 2741 (94.9) | 2142 (97.1) | ||
| Commercial/other | 160 (5.0) | 112 (2.8) | 148 (5.1) | 64 (2.9) | ||
| Procedure urgencya | 0.044 | o.ost | ||||
| Elective | 2454 (76.5) | 3180 (78.2) | 2794 (96.7) | 2113 (95.8) | ||
| Urgent | 673 (21.0) | 781 (19.2) | 80 (2.8) | 81 (3.7) | ||
| Emergent | 82 (2.6) | 103 (2.5) | 15 (0.5) | 12 (0.5) | ||
| Preoperative location living at homea | 2971 (92.6) | 3582 (88.1) | 0.151 | 2875 (99.5) | 2175 (98.6) | 0.095 |
| Functional status | 0.329 | 0.286 | ||||
| Full | 1254 (39.8) | 1091 (27.2) | 1746 (61.7) | 1078 (49.6) | ||
| Light work | 809 (25.7) | 1000 (24.9) | 706 (24.9) | 609 (28.0) | ||
| Self-care | 689 (21.9) | 1035 (25.8) | 351 (12.4) | 428 (19.7) | ||
| Assisted care | 379 (12.0) | 830 (20.7) | b | b | ||
| Ambulation category | 0.239 | 0.209 | ||||
| Independently | 1741 (55.3) | 1756 (43.8) | 2555 (90.3) | 1812 (83.3) | ||
| With assistance | 1047 (33.2) | 1677 (41.8) | 251 (8.9) | 337 (15.5) | ||
| Wheelchair | 339 (10.8) | 508 (12.7) | b | b | ||
| BMI, kg·m−2 | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 28.4 (6.5) | 26.4 (5.6) | 0.322 | 28.3 (5.7) | 26.9 (4.9) | 0.265 |
| Median [Q1; Q3] | 27.5 [23.9; 32.2] | 25.8 [22.5; 29.7] | 27.9 [24.4; 31.6] | 26.7 [23.7; 30.1] | ||
| Cerebrovascular disease | 634 (19.8) | 806 (19.8) | 0.002 | 371 (12.8) | 318 (14.4) | 0.046 |
| Coronary artery diseasea | 1289 (40.2) | 1499 (36.9) | 0.068 | 1122 (38.8) | 833 (37.8) | 0.022 |
| Congestive heart failurea | 980 (30.5) | 1347 (33.1) | 0.056 | 402 (13.9) | 375 (17.0) | 0.085 |
| Dysrhythmia | 850 (26.5) | 1589 (39.1) | 0.272 | 411 (14.2) | 533 (24.2) | 0.255 |
| Chronic lung disease | 926 (28.9) | 1097 (27.0) | 0.041 | 888 (30.7) | 607 (27.5) | 0.071 |
| Diabetes | 2237 (69.7) | 2280 (56.1) | 0.285 | 1168 (41.1) | 836 (37.9) | 0.066 |
| Stages of CKD | 0.292 | 0.273 | ||||
| Stage 1: ≥ 90 | 740 (23.1) | 787 (19.4) | 781 (27.0) | 438 (19.9) | ||
| Stage 2: [60–90] | 985 (30.7) | 1365 (33.6) | 1307 (45.2) | 909 (41.2) | ||
| Stage 3: [30–60] | 750 (23.4) | 1305 (32.1) | 684 (23.7) | 772 (35.0) | ||
| Stage 4: [15–30] | 122 (3.8) | 171 (4.2) | 34 (1.2) | 38 (1.7) | ||
| Stage 5: < 15 | 612 (19.1) | 436 (10.7) | 83 (2.9) | 49 (2.2) | ||
| Hypertensiona | 2955 (92.1) | 3741 (92.1) | 0.001 | 2615 (90.5) | 2020 (91.6) | 0.037 |
| Smoking statusa | 0.437 | 0.546 | ||||
| Never | 836 (26.1) | 1498 (36.9) | 264 (9.1) | 457 (20.7) | ||
| Prior | 1475 (46.0) | 2100 (51.7) | 1592 (55.1) | 1422 (64.5) | ||
| Current | 898 (28.0) | 466 (11.5) | 1033 (35.8) | 327 (14.8) | ||
| Preoperative aspirin | 2386 (74.4) | 2790 (68.7) | 0.127 | 2362 (81.8) | 1741 (78.9) | 0.071 |
| Preoperative antiplatelet | 1388 (43.3) | 1503 (37.0) | 0.128 | 1454 (50.3) | 993 (45.0) | 0.107 |
| Preoperative statin | 2546 (79.3) | 2915 (71.7) | 0.178 | 2414 (83.6) | 1791 (81.2) | 0.062 |
| Preoperative ACEi/ARB ± HTN | 1812 (56.5) | 2282 (56.2) | 0.006 | 2002 (69.3) | 1433 (65.0) | 0.092 |
| Preoperative GDMTa | 1306 (40.7) | 1420 (34.9) | 0.119 | 1572 (54.4) | 1083 (49.1) | 0.107 |
| Discharge GDMT | 1499 (47.4) | 1646 (41.3) | 0.123 | 1734 (60.1) | 1169 (53.1) | 0.143 |
| CABGa | 798 (24.9) | 958 (23.6) | 0.030 | 691 (23.9) | 566 (25.7) | 0.040 |
| PCIa | 836 (26.1) | 954 (23.5) | 0.060 | 853 (29.5) | 646 (29.3) | 0.005 |
| Carotid diseasea | 290 (9.0) | 370 (9.1) | 0.002 | 397 (13.7) | 320 (14.5) | 0.022 |
| Prior major amputation – lateralitya | 0.213 | 0.052 | ||||
| None | 2741 (85.4) | 3741 (92.1) | 2844 (98.4) | 2182 (98.9) | ||
| Unilateral | 430 (13.4) | 305 (7.5) | b | b | ||
| Bilateral | 38 (1.2) | 18 (0.4) | b | b | ||
| Prior minor amputation – lateralitya | 0.193 | 0.052 | ||||
| None | 2669 (83.2) | 3645 (89.7) | 2835 (98.1) | 2179 (98.8) | ||
| Unilateral | 506 (15.8) | 400 (9.8) | b | b | ||
| Bilateral | 34 (1.1) | 19 (0.5) | b | b | ||
| Prior inflow treatment PVI | 401 (12.5) | 460 (11.3) | 0.037 | 632 (21.9) | 411 (18.7) | 0.080 |
| Prior inflow treatment bypassa | 89 (2.8) | 110 (2.7) | 0.004 | 113 (3.9) | 82 (3.7) | 0.010 |
| Prior infrainguinal PVIa | 1010 (31.5) | 1273 (31.3) | 0.004 | 958 (33.2) | 766 (34.8) | 0.034 |
| Prior infrainguinal bypass | 383 (12.0) | 373 (9.2) | 0.090 | 270 (9.3) | 157 (7.1) | 0.081 |
| Prior femoral endarterectomy | 196 (6.1) | 223 (5.5) | 0.027 | 216 (7.5) | 129 (5.9) | 0.065 |
| CLTI laterality | 0.021 | |||||
| Unilateral | 2726 (84.9) | 3422 (84.2) | ||||
| Bilateral | 483 (15.1) | 642 (15.8) | ||||
| No. of access sites | 0.017 | 0.113 | ||||
| 1 | 2815 (87.8) | 3586 (88.3) | 2243 (77.7) | 1812 (82.2) | ||
| 2 | 391 (12.2) | 473 (11.7) | 644 (22.3) | 392 (17.8) | ||
| No. of arteries treated, mean (SD) | 1.8 (0.9) | 1.8 (0.9) | 0.002 | 1.6 (0.8) | 1.6 (0.8) | −0.021 |
| Plain balloon | 2540 (79.2) | 3291 (81.0) | 0.047 | 1956 (67.7) | 1505 (68.3) | 0.011 |
| Atherectomy | 629 (19.6) | 872 (21.5) | 0.046 | 628 (21.7) | 572 (25.9) | 0.099 |
| Stent | 1232 (38.4) | 1526 (37.6) | 0.017 | 1590 (55.1) | 1125 (51.0) | 0.081 |
All values are presented as n (%), unless otherwise specified.
a
Variables included in the adjusted Cox proportional hazards and Fine–Gray regression models.
b
For confidentiality, cells with n < 11 have been masked.
ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CLTI, chronic limb-threatening ischemia; GDMT, guideline-directed medical therapy; HTN, hypertension; PCI, percutaneous intervention; PVI, peripheral vascular intervention; Q1; Q3, interquartile range.