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. 2024 Nov 6;15:1413901. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1413901

Table 1.

Demographics for the exploratory and preregistered studies.

Exploratory study Preregistered study
Responses 5,755 5,280
Age
18–34 1,859 (32%) 2,188 (41%)
35–44 1,403 (24%) 1,100 (21%)
45–64 2,107 (37%) 1,772 (34%)
65+ 386 (7%) 220 (4%)
Gender
Male 2,875 (50%) 2,418 (46%)
Female 2,848 (50%) 2,840 (54%)
Prefer not to say 22 (<1%)
Employed 5,755 (100%) 5,280 (100%)
Household income
<$25,000 559 (10%) 673 (13%)
$25,000–$34,999 581 (10%) 692 (13%)
$35,000–$49,999 632 (11%) 827 (16%)
$50,000–$74,999 915 (16%) 1,037 (20%)
$75,000–$99,999 885 (15%) 758 (14%)
$100,000–$124,999 660 (11%) 418 (8%)
$125,000–$149,999 606 (11%) 361 (7%)
$150,000–$199,999 445 (8%) 278 (5%)
>$200,000 315 (5%) 144 (3%)
Prefer Not to Answer 157 (3%) 92 (2%)
Education
No Schooling 19 (<1%) 6 (<1%)
8th Grade or Less 29 (1%) 13 (<1%)
Some High School, Did Not Graduate 124 (2%) 127 (2%)
High School/GED 957 (17%) 1,186 (22%)
Trade School/Vocational School Graduate 231 (4%) 275 (5%)
Some College or University Study 869 (15%) 920 (17%)
Associate’s Degree 581 (10%) 638 (12%)
Bachelor’s Degree 1,664 (29%) 1,339 (25%)
Master’s Degree 1,060 (18%) 651 (12%)
Doctorate Degree 221 (4%) 125 (2%)