Table 1.

Comparison of our proposed framework with extant literature.

Authors	Dataset	Data time frame	Approaches	Evaluation metrics	Trends/Price prediction	No of trends	Integration with XAI
[8]	Group Inc.	1999-2014	LR, LASSO	RMSE	Price	0	No
[11]	Brazilian, American and Chinese stocks	2002-2017	SVM	RMSE	Price	0	No
[7]	Shenzhen Development stock	2007	LR	Accuracy	Trends	2	No
[27]	New York, London, NASDAQ and Karachi	1998-2018	Regression-based	MAE, RMSE	Price	0	No
[12]	S&P 500	2003-2013	PCA, ANN	Accuracy	Price	0	No
[14]	NASDAQ	Not-mentioned	SVM	Accuracy	Trends	2
[15]	Taiwan	2008-2012	SVM	Accuracy	Trends	2	No
[28]	NASDAQ	Not-mentioned	SVM	Accuracy	Trends	2	No
[29]	China	2008-2015	MLP, RNN, LSTM, NB, and DT	Accuracy	Trends	2	No
[30]	Microsoft Corp. and Goldman Sachs Group Inc. stock	2010-2012	Bayesian-ANN	MAPE	Price	0	No
[31]	BSE SENSEX	2012-2018	ANN, SVM	MAE, MAPE	Trends	2	No
[32]	Apple, Google, and Microsoft	2015-2016	Recurrent-CNN	Accuracy	Trends	2	No
[33]	Istanbul, NASDAQ	2007-2014	SVM, ANN	Accuracy	Trends	2	No
[34]	S&P 500	2020	Gradient boosting	Avg-precision	Price	0	Yes (LIME)
[35]	SP500, NI225, XU100, KOSPI	10 years	ANN	Accuracy	Price	0	Yes (LIME)
Our proposed	S&P 500, DAX30, FTSE100, Nikkie225	1990-2022	DNN	Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1 score	Trends	5	Yes (LIME, SHAP)