Table 1.

Description of the Key Concepts and Definitions for the Six “Cyberhero Mobile Safety” Games

Game	Gameplay	Key concepts	Intended behavioral outcomes	Health issues addressed	Usability definition
“Brain Drain”	Players must navigate to avoid mobile phone distractions in order to finish a school paper.	• Multitasking with a mobile phone reduces focus and efficiency for both tasks.	• Focus on one activity at a time. • When on the phone, be only on the phone; when doing an activity, do only that activity.	• Support efficiency and effectiveness. • Prevent distraction hazards.	Obtained a passing grade
“Digiwoog”	A long-form narrative game. The player must complete a series of challenges in order to save the planet.	• Mobile phones are tools that can be used for many things. • Don't share your password with anyone. • Download legally.	• Use mobile phones for what they do best in the appropriate circumstances (like using a map to find your way).	• Support use as resources. • Prevent identity theft and illegal downloads.	Accomplished the mission
“Public Garden”	Players must use rocks to block the path of weeds and prevent them from spreading everywhere—which is what happens with messages they post online.	• The Internet is public space. • When images and information are posted or shared electronically, they are nearly impossible to keep private.	• Consider all potential audiences before posting images and information. • Post images and information that you'd like to share with a wide audience.	• Support reputation management. • Prevent sexting and victimization.	Mastered the final puzzle
“The Spy Who Texted Me”	Players send a spy on a secret mission and choose how to communicate different phases of the mission most effectively (e.g., via text, phone call, in person).	• Different kinds of communication are ideal for different circumstances.	• Choose the most effective mode of communication for the situation—texting, calling, or talking face to face. • Use mobile phones when they are the best choice.	• Support optimal communication. • Prevent miscommunication and misinformation.	Completed the storyline
“Tech Zombies”	To save Woogis from a zombie infection, which spreads when they interrupt in-person interaction to use mobile phones, players sprinkle them with the “cure”—which makes them put their phone away.	• Using a mobile phone while talking to someone in person gets in the way of your conversation and makes it seem like you aren't present.	• When having an in-person conversation, focus on that—save the phone for later.	• Support in-person relationships. • Prevent disengagement and isolation.	Reached the final day
“Woogi Who”	Players have to choose which picture of a friend they can post online by asking their friend deductive questions about what's okay to share.	• When you take pictures or video of others, you are responsible for making sure that picture is used and shared properly. • Gain the permission of the person whose picture you are taking.	• Ensure that both parties are aware that pictures are being taken and that both parties can say no. • Be clear with others about how you'd like them to use your picture.	• Support positive relationship building. • Prevent cyberbullying and harassment.	Correctly solved the puzzle