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. 2024 Oct 30;90(11):e00884-24. doi: 10.1128/aem.00884-24

Fig 2.

A figure presents a grouped bar graph showing directed evolution of phages using the Appelmans protocol over nine rounds for PAO1, PA103, PDO300, PAK, and PA14.

Directed evolution of phages resulted in rapid host-range expansion of the phage cocktail. Eight strains were individually challenged with a cocktail of three input phages for the Appelmans protocol for nine rounds. Clinical isolates strains CI00780, CI00795, and CI01788 were removed from the experiment after round 3 due to slow growth rates, designated by the dashed line. Lysis of non-permissive hosts PAK and PA14 was observed by round 4.