Table 4.
Comparison of surgical outcomes and primary diseases before/after 20 cases for PDAC, other malignant tumors, and benign or low-malignant diseases
| Within 20 cases | After 21 cases | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PDAC | Other malignant tumors | Benign or low-malignant diseases | p value | PDAC | Other malignant tumors | Benign or low-malignant diseases | p value | |
| Number of pancreaticoduodenectomies | 81 | 100 | 82 | 32 | 19 | 20 | ||
| Age y, median (IQR) | 70 (65-76) | 71 (62-77) | 66 (59-72) | 0.003 | 72 (65-76) | 74 (65-79) | 66 (59-72) | 0.022 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female, n (%) | 33 (41) | 39 (39) | 28 (34) | 0.665 | 19 (59) | 11 (58) | 7 (35) | 0.194 |
| Male, n (%) | 48 (59) | 61 (61) | 54 (66) | 13 (41) | 8 (42) | 13 (65) | ||
| BMI kg/m2 (IQR) | 22 (20-25) | 22 (21-24) | 22 (21-25) | 0.752 | 21 (19-23) | 22 (21-25) | 23 (22-24) | 0.038 |
| Preoperative biliary drainage yes, n (%) | 42 (52) | 64 (64) | 2 (3) | <0.001 | 21 (66) | 14 (74) | 1 (5) | <0.001 |
| Combined vascular resection yes, n (%) | 31 (38) | 7 (7) | 2 (3) | <0.001 | 14 (44) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Operative time min, median (IQR) | 486 (430-544) | 472 (410-532) | 429 (378-477) | <0.001 | 430 (397-494) | 445 (375-471) | 410 (337-458) | 0.328 |
| Blood loss ml, median (IQR) | 500 (303-840) | 502 (280-884) | 355 (140-578) | <0.001 | 345 (205-568) | 400 (215-550) | 315 (81-618) | 0.642 |
| Blood transfusion n (%) | 9 (11) | 18 (18) | 3 (4) | 0.010 | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.089 |
| Hospital deaths n (%) | 4 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.010 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0.274 |
| Surgical complications of Clavien-Dindo ≥ IIIa | ||||||||
| All | 35 (43) | 62 (62) | 43 (52) | 0.041 | 13 (41) | 9 (47) | 12 (60) | 0.396 |
| POPF ≥ grade B, n (%) | 14 (17) | 38 (38) | 28 (4) | 0.007 | 4 (3) | 6 (32) | 6 (30) | 0.185 |
| DGE, n (%) | 8 (10) | 7 (7) | 6 (7) | 0.750 | 4 (13) | 2 (11) | 2 (10) | 0.955 |
| SSI, n (%) | 3 (4) | 15 (15) | 2 (2) | 0.002 | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0.551 |
| Bile leak, n (%) | 2 (2) | 4 (4) | 5 (6) | 0.509 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (5) | 0.634 |
| Abdominal bleeding, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (4) | 2 (2) | 0.199 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
| LOS days, median (IQR) | 28 (18-389) | 30 (24-41) | 26 (20-35) | 0.062 | 23 (17-32) | 33 (6-41) | 25 (18-33) | 0.043 |
PDAC: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma,
POPF: Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula, DGE: Delayed Gastric Emptying, SSI: Surgical Site Infection
LOS: Length Of Postoperative Hospital Stay