Table 2.
Mean tissue sodium concentration (TSC) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for noncancerous tissues of the peripheral zone (PZ), transition zone (TZ), and tumors in the PZ and TZ.
| Parameter | Participants with PCa | Healthy volunteers | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| TSC (mM) | |||
| PZ | 78.2 ± 14.1 | 68.4 ± 10.0 | 0.0512 |
| TZ | 80.9 ± 16.3 | 65.7 ± 12.5 | 0.0512 |
| PZ lesion | 28.7 ± 6.5 | – | 0.235 |
| TZ lesion | 22.3 ± 3.3 | – | 0.0217* |
| ΔTSC | −14.0 ± 18.2 | – | 0.0002* |
| ADC (×10−6 mm2/s) | |||
| PZ | 970 ± 152 | 1015 ± 193 | 0.949 |
| TZ | 918 ± 127 | 949 ± 249 | 0.949 |
| PZ lesion | 791 ± 242 | – | 0.0058* |
| TZ lesion | 673 ± 123 | – | 0.0026* |
| ΔADC | −26.6 ± 18.7 | – | <0.0001* |
Percent differences in TSC (ΔTSC) and ADC (ΔADC) between lesions and noncancerous tissue are listed for participants with prostate cancer (PCa). A 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to compare noncancerous PZ and TZ between PCa participants and volunteers and noncancerous PZ and TZ between PZ lesions and TZ lesions in PCa participants. A 1-sample t-test was used to compare ΔTSC and ΔADC against a hypothetical mean value of 0%.
*
A statistically significant difference (P < .05).