Table 3.

Results of the Biggs questionnaire for students ( $\overline{x}$ ± s).

Investigate the project	Experimental group	Control group	t	p
Deep learning motivation
There is a deep sense of satisfaction in learning	3.89 ± 0.67	2.73 ± 0.87	7.336	<0.001
It’s fun to dive into any problem as well	3.77 ± 0.63	3.13 ± 0.76	4.457	<0.001
Study hard because the learning content is interesting	3.36 ± 0.70	3.04 ± 0.99	1.814	0.073
In most of the lessons, questions are answered	3.38 ± 0.77	3.04 ± 0.77	2.162	0.033
Deep learning strategies
It takes a lot of work to get the answer	3.72 ± 0.65	3.25 ± 0.73	3.339	0.001
Often, take extra time to gain more knowledge	3.68 ± 0.73	3.42 ± 0.77	1.724	0.088
Keep learning and figuring out the key issues	3.51 ± 0.72	3.63 ± 0.91	−0.677	0.500
Spend a lot of time researching and discussing issues outside of class	3.62 ± 0.77	3.60 ± 0.76	0.082	0.935
Shallow learning motivation
Spend the least amount of effort to pass this course	3.43 ± 0.80	3.48 ± 0.92	−0.302	0.763
If you do not find the course interesting, try to do as little as possible	3.19 ± 0.90	3.71 ± 0.90	−2.801	0.006
You do not need to work hard to understand just the key points	2.81 ± 0.85	3.46 ± 0.85	−3.725	<0.001
It is not necessary to read the contents of the examination without examination	3.28 ± 0.77	3.33 ± 0.83	−0.344	0.732
Shallow learning strategies
Only those who are required by the syllabus should study carefully	3.53 ± 0.91	3.56 ± 0.77	−0.178	0.859
Rote memorization of knowledge points that you do not understand	3.21 ± 0.69	3.38 ± 0.84	−1.029	0.306
There is no need to do anything outside of studying	2.91 ± 0.72	3.33 ± 0.83	−2.624	0.010
The best way to pass the exam is to memorize the test points	2.93 ± 0.71	3.38 ± 0.96	−2.534	0.013