Table 2.
Comparison of clinical characteristics, drug dosage, and serum drug levels between groups after a 2-year follow-upa
| GDR (n = 13) | MT1 (n = 6) | MT2 (n = 7) | Total (n = 26) | p value | Eta-squared (η2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PANSS total score (s.d.) | 37.31 (8.75) | 39.33 (4.59) | 35.86 (8.03) | 37.38 (7.62) | 0.696 | 0.65% |
| CGI-S score (s.d.) | 1.54 (0.66) | 1.67 (0.52) | 1.43 (0.79) | 1.54 (0.65) | 0.780 | 0.33% |
| PSP score (s.d.) | 85.08 (6.92) | 84.00 (5.25) | 87.71 (4.35) | 85.54 (5.92) | 0.898 | 0.07% |
| EQ-5D-VAS (s.d.) | 80.31 (12.44) | 82.17 (13.57) | 85.00 (10.41) | 82.00 (11.88) | 0.649 | 0.88% |
| MSQ score (s.d.) | 5.54 (0.78) | 5.83 (0.75) | 6.00 (0.82) | 5.73 (0.78) | 0.343 | 3.75% |
| Aripiprazole dose mg (s.d.) | 7.54 (6.07) | 11.15 (2.57) | 5.98 (3.30) | 7.95 (5.02) | 0.246 | 5.57% |
| Serum aripiprazole level mg/dL (s.d.)b | 111.87 (121.08) | 186.17 (22.18) | 93.03 (75.92) | 122.58 (100.8) | 0.254 | 5.87% |
| Serum dehyroaripiprazole level mg/dL (s.d.)b | 40.43 (38.46) | 76.07 (24.37) | 23.29 (19.21) | 43.57 (36.02) | 0.154 | 9.03% |
| Aripiprazole C/D ratio (s.d.)b | 14.82 (9.69) | 16.70 (3.53) | 15.55 (8.39) | 15.98 (8.15) | 0.997 | <0.01% |
| Dehydroaripiprazole C/D ratio (s.d.)b | 5.36 (3.55) | 6.82 (1.44) | 3.89 (2.31) | 5.59 (2.96) | 0.982 | <0.01% |
Abbreviations: CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression-Severity; EQ-5D-VAS, EuroQoL-5D visual analog scale; GDR, patients randomized to the guided dose reduction group; Hx, History; MSQ, medication satisfaction questionnaire; MT1, patients randomized to the maintenance group; MT2, patients volunteered to be the naturalistic observational group; PANSS: positive and negative syndrome scale; PSP: personal and social performance; s.d.: standard deviation.
Follow-up data were calculated using the Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) method. All patients who experienced relapse during the follow-up period were excluded from the analysis.
Serum level data for one participant in the MT1 group and one in the MT2 group were not obtained. The mean and standard deviation (s.d.) of serum drug levels were calculated based on data from the remaining participants.