Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2024 Nov 20;166(1):467. doi: 10.1007/s00701-024-06370-x

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2 — A 60-year-old female presented sudden onset of severe headache. The computed tomography (CT) image on admission showed the small amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in the fourth ventricle (a). The lateral view of right vertebral angiogram (VAG) revealed high-flow dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) at foramen magnum region (FMR) with marked dilatation of posterior fossa veins (b). Left lateral view of 3-dementional rotational right VAG demonstrated shunted pouch on the surface of dura matter (red arrowhead) and the bridging vein (BV: red arrow) that works as a single drainer of dAVF and connected to vein of inferior cerebellar peduncle (blue arrowhead) and to posterior medial medullary vein (blue arrow) (c). The BV (arrow) that connecting FMR and posterior fossa veins was demonstrated by the source image of CT angiography (d). The lateral view of left carotid angiogram after endovascular transarterial embolization (TAE) of main feeders showed a small amount of residual shunt flow from the dural branches of ascending pharyngeal artery (e). The lateral view of right VAG obtained two weeks after surgical interruption showed the complete disappearance of high-flow FMR-dAVF (f)