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. 2024 Nov 20;7:1540. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-07196-0

Fig. 1. Histological and protein expression analysis of nucleus pulposus tissue in mildly and severely degenerated samples.

Fig. 1

A HE staining of mildly and severely degenerated nucleus pulposus tissue sections, with immunohistochemical staining for Kallikrein and BK. Red arrows indicate positive cells and blue arrows indicate negative cells. B Basic information of collected human nucleus pulposus specimens. C, D Relative expression of BK and Kallikrein proteins in mildly and severely degenerated tissues. E Western blot detection of Aggrecan, MMP-3, MMP-9, and P53 proteins in mildly and severely degenerated nucleus pulposus tissue. F Quantitative analysis of protein expression. Mild degeneration (MD), severe degeneration (SD). To assess the statistical differences between various groups, we employed one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). Mechanism diagram: PLGA/BK Microspheres Targeting the Bradykinin Signaling Pathway as a Therapeutic Strategy to Delay Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.