Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of HKU-TRS subjects with or without atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or ischemic stroke
| Derivation cohort | Translation cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 3,922 | No AF/ischemic stroke n = 1,057 |
AF and/or ischemic stroke n = 240 |
p value† | ||
| Male [n (%)] | 2,179 (55.6%) | 781 (75.2%) | 171 (71.3%) | 0.21 | |
| Age (years) | 61.8 ± 12.6 | 66.2 ± 10.7 | 69.8 ± 9.4 | <0.001* | |
| Ever smoking [n (%)] | 1,286 (32.8%) | 517 (48.9%) | 117 (48.8%) | 0.96 | |
| Body mass index (kgm−2) | 25.4 ± 4.1 | 25.0 ± 3.5 | 25.8 ± 4.2 | 0.021* | |
| Diabetes mellitus [n (%)] | 2,968 (75.7%) | 354 (33.5%) | 105 (43.8%) | 0.003* | |
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 2,875 (73.3%) | 696 (65.8%) | 172 (71.7%) | 0.084 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135.2 ± 21.4 | 130.6 ± 17.3 | 129.3 ± 16.9 | 0.31 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.4 ± 10.5 | 73.0 ± 10.8 | 70.7 ± 11.6 | 0.003* | |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 3.4 ± 1.0 | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 0.084 | |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 0.23 | |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 1.7 ± 1.1 | 0.92 | |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 7.1 ± 2.5 | 6.2 ± 1.9 | 6.3 ± 2.0 | 0.3 | |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 93.0 ± 63.2 | 104.0 ± 89.4 | 137.0 ± 148.2 | 0.001* | |
| Season of recruitment | <0.001* | ||||
| Spring [n (%)] | 660 (16.8%) | 139 (13.2%) | 32 (13.3%) | ||
| Summer [n (%)] | 1,362 (34.7%) | 168 (15.9%) | 66 (27.5%) | ||
| Autumn [n (%)] | 616 (15.7%) | 211 (20.0%) | 33 (13.8%) | ||
| Winter [n (%)] | 1,284 (32.7%) | 539 (51.0%) | 109 (45.4%) | ||
| Vitamin D deficiency [n (%)] | 1,924 (49.1%) | 358 (33.9%) | 104 (43.3%) | 0.006* | |
| Vitamin D GRS‡ | 2.7 ± 1.2 | 2.7 ± 1.2 | 2.5 ± 1.2 | 0.025* | |
†Comparison between persons with versus without the primary endpoint of AF and/or ischemic stroke. *p<0.05. ‡Genetic Risk Score (GRS) (0–6) based on combined allele score summation from 3 constituent single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2060793, rs4588, rs7041).