Table 2. Characteristics of patients who died categorised by postdisaster period.
| All (n=518*) | ≤1 month (n=90) | 1–3 months (n=122) | 3–6 months (n=110) | 6–12 months (n=104) | ≥12 months (n=92) | |
| Age | 82.69 (14–105; 141.8) | 83.60 (55–102; 10.085) | 84.69 (41–104; 10.53) | 81.63 (14–105; 12.799) | 84.34 (49–105; 9.55) | 77.40 (14–99; 15.559) |
| Sex, n (%) male | 267 (51.5) | 40 (44.0) | 54 (44.3) | 24 (49.1) | 54 (51.9) | 65 (70.7) |
| Number of times evacuated | 2.03(0–10; 2.233) | 1.03 (0–5; 0.854) |
1.82 (0–6; 1.206) |
2.41 (0–10; 1.595) |
2.38 (0–7; 1.233) |
2.90(0–10; 1.862) |
| Number of times relocated | 3.03(0–15; 5.223) | 1.34(0–6; 1.232) | 2.52(0–8; 1.517) | 3.74(0–15; 2.457) | 3.91(1–10; 2.039) | 4.68(0–15; 2.924) |
| Post-disaster period (days) | 230.6(0–2285; 96236.69) | 15.0(0–31; 9.009) | 60.16(32–89; 16.546) | 362.66(95–2285; 346.88) | 257.87(186–364; 52.223) | 751(373–2285; 415.224) |
| Changes after the disaster | ||||||
| Increased alcohol consumption | 5 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 4 (4.3) |
| Increased disorders such as insomnia | 105 (20.3) | 3 (3.3) | 11 (9.0) | 19 (17.3) | 32 (30.8) | 40 (43.5) |
| Worsened mood or depression | 243 (46.9) | 20 (22.0) | 38 (31.1) | 53 (48.2) | 66 (63.5) | 66 (71.7) |
| Onset or increased severity of dementia | 100 (19.3) | 10 (11.0) | 15 (12.3) | 16 (14.5) | 33 (31.7) | 26 (28.3) |
| Decreased social activities | 298 (57.5) | 31 (34.1) | 58 (47.5) | 64 (58.2) | 72 (69.2) | 73 (79.3) |
| Decreased communication skills | 207 (40.0) | 13 (14.3) | 34 (27.9) | 40 (36.4) | 56 (53.8) | 64 (69.6) |
| Place of death | ||||||
| Hospital | 435 (84.0) | 70 (76.9) | 105 (86.1) | 94 (85.5) | 94 (90.4) | 72 (78.3) |
| Home | 30 (5.8) | 10 (11.0) | 3 (2.5) | 4 (3.6) | 3 (2.9) | 10 (10.9) |
| Evacuation destination | 7 (1.4) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.2) |
| Care facility | 36 (6.9) | 7 (7.7) | 12 (9.8) | 6 (5.5) | 6 (5.8) | 5 (5.4) |
| Other | 11 (2.1) | 3 (3.3) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (2.7) | 1 (1.0) | 3 (3.3) |
| Residential status at the time of the disaster | ||||||
| Hospital | 148 (28.6) | 37 (40.7) | 38 (31.1) | 39 (35.5) | 22 (21.2) | 12 (13.0) |
| Care facility | 119 (23.0) | 26 (28.6) | 42 (34.4) | 17 (15.5) | 21 (20.2) | 13 (14.1) |
| Home | 252 (48.6) | 28 (30.8) | 42 (34.4) | 54 (49.1) | 61 (58.7) | 67 (72.8) |
| Evacuation after the disaster | ||||||
| Presence | 493 (95.2) | 75 (82.4) | 118 (96.7) | 105 (95.5) | 103 (99.0) | 24 (26.1) |
| Certified disability at the time of the disaster | ||||||
| Presence | 55 (10.6) | 8 (8.8) | 9 (7.4) | 5 (4.5) | 10 (9.6) | 23 (25.0) |
| Certified nursing care at the time of the disaster | ||||||
| Presence | 271 (52.3) | 53 (58.2) | 76 (62.3) | 62 (56.4) | 48 (46.2) | 32 (34.8) |
| Absence | 200 (38.6) | 30 (33.0) | 35 (28.7) | 34 (30.9) | 48 (46.2) | 53 (57.6) |
| In the process of applying | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Unknown | ||||||
| Cause of death | ||||||
| A00–B99 (infectious and parasitic) | 10 (1.9) | 2 (2.2) | 4 (3.3) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (3.3) |
| C00–D48 (neoplasms) | 80 (15.4) | 9 (9.9) | 15 (12.3) | 18 (16.4) | 21 (20.2) | 17 (18.5) |
| D50–D89 (blood and immune system) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| E00–E90 (endocrine, nutritional and metabolic) | 6 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.9) | 1 (1.1) |
| F00–F99 (mental health and behavioural) | 3 (0.6) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| G00–G99 (nervous system) | 3 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| I00–I99 (circulatory system) | 144 (27.8) | 30 (33.3) | 36 (29.5) | 28 (25.5) | 29 (27.9) | 21 (22.8) |
| J00–J99 (respiratory system) | 130 (25.1) | 21 (23.1) | 33 (27.0) | 34 (30.9) | 24 (23.1) | 18 (19.6) |
| K00–K93 (digestive system) | 15 (2.9) | 3 (3.3) | 6 (4.9) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | 4 (4.3) |
| L00–L99 (skin and subcutaneous tissue) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| M00–M99 (musculoskeletal system and connective tissue) | 7 (1.4) | 1 (1.1) | 3 (2.5) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.1) |
| N00–N99 (urogenital system) | 21 (4.1) | 3 (3.3) | 5 (4.1) | 7 (6.4) | 2 (1.9) | 4 (4.3) |
| R00–R99 (symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified) | 69 (13.3) | 16 (12.1) | 13 (10.7) | 14 (12.7) | 17 (16.3) | 10 (10.9) |
| S00–T98 (injury, poisoning and other effects of external causes) | 7 (1.4) | 1 (1.1) | 2 (1.6) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | 2 (2.2) |
| V01–Y98 (external causes of injury, illness and death) | 20 (3.9) | 2 (2.2) | 1 (0.8) | 4 (3.6) | 2 (1.9) | 11 (12.0) |
| X70 (suicide by hanging) | 16 (3.1) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 4 (3.6) | 1 (1.0) | 9 (9.8) |
| Disappearance | 1 (0.2) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Medical history | ||||||
| A00–B99 (infectious and parasitic) | 19 (3.7) | 5 (5.5) | 2 (1.6) | 2 (1.8) | 6 (5.8) | 4 (4.3) |
| C00–D48 (neoplasms) | 84 (16.2) | 16 (17.6) | 19 (15.6) | 18 (16.4) | 19 (18.3) | 12 (13.0) |
| D50–D89 (blood and immune system) | 21 (4.1) | 3 (3.3) | 5 (4.1) | 7 (6.4) | 3 (2.9) | 3 (3.3) |
| E00–E90 (endocrine, nutritional and metabolic) | 104 (20.1) | 22 (24.2) | 26 (21.3) | 18 (16.4) | 22 (21.2) | 16 (17.4) |
| F00–F99 (mental health and behavioural) | 140 (27.0) | 26 (28.6) | 37 (30.3) | 21 (19.1) | 24 (23.1) | 33 (35.9) |
| G00–G99 (nervous system) | 50 (9.7) | 10 (11.0) | 12 (9.8) | 13 (11.8) | 9 (8.7) | 6 (6.5) |
| H00–H59 (the eye and adnexa) | 24 (4.6) | 5 (5.5) | 8 (6.6) | 2 (1.8) | 3 (2.9) | 7 (7.6) |
| H60–H95 (the ear and mastoid process) | 3 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| I00–I99 (circulatory system) | 305 (58.9) | 52 (57.1) | 69 (56.6) | 66 (60.0) | 67 (64.4) | 51 (55.4) |
| J00–J99 (respiratory system) | 76 (14.7) | 15 (16.5) | 15 (12.3) | 20 (18.2) | 13 (12.5) | 14 (15.2) |
| K00–K93 (digestive system) | 86 (16.6) | 17 (18.7) | 14 (11.5) | 17 (15.5) | 17 (16.3) | 21 (22.8) |
| L00–L99 (skin and subcutaneous tissue) | 5 (1.0) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| M00–M99 (musculoskeletal system and connective tissue) | 47 (9.1) | 6 (6.6) | 8 (6.6) | 6 (5.5) | 12 (11.5) | 15 (16.3) |
| N00–N99 (urogenital system) | 72 (13.9) | 12 (13.2) | 14 (11.5) | 22 (20.0) | 10 (9.6) | 14 (15.2) |
| Q00–Q99 (congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| R00–R99 (symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified) | 20 (3.9) | 5 (5.5) | 1 (0.8) | 6 (5.5) | 2 (1.9) | 6 (6.5) |
| S00–T98 (injury, poisoning and other effects of external causes) | 51 (9.8) | 7 (7.7) | 10 (8.2) | 10 (9.1) | 9 (8.7) | 15 (16.3) |
| Z00–Z99 (factors influencing health status and contact with health services) | 37 (7.1) | 6 (6.6) | 9 (7.4) | 6 (5.5) | 6 (5.8) | 10 (10.9) |
| Excluded† | 2 (0.4) | 1 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
N (%) mean (range; variance).
*
Excluded two individuals, one due to missing data on the interval between the disaster and death and the other due to a lack of essential information.
†
Excluded two individuals with questionable medical histories.