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. 2024 Nov 11;20(11):e1012312. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012312

Fig 4. TRIM32 does not impair viral binding, entry, and membrane fusion.

Fig 4

A. HeLa-Empty or HeLa-TRIM32 cells were infected with 50 MOI of VEEV-TC83 at 4°C for 1.5h, and bound virions were quantified by real-time qPCR assay. Each point represents a biological replicate, and the paired biological replicate is connected by a straight line. B. HeLa-Empty or HeLa-TRIM32 cells were infected with VEEV-NLuc/Cap at 4°C for 1.5h, then the cells were washed and collected to determine Nanoluc activity. C. U2OS-Empty or U2OS-TRIM32 cells were infected with VEEV-NLuc/Cap at 4°C for 1.5h, then the cells were washed and collected for to determine Nanoluc activity. D. Schematic of acid bypass assay. E. Acid bypass assay of VEEV-TC83-GFP on HeLa-Empty or HeLa-TRIM32 cells. Viral infectivity was quantified by flow cytometry. Data represent averages of independent biological replicates and are presented as means ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined by unpaired students’ t-test for A, B, C, and G (****P<0.0001). For D and E, statistical significance was determined by 2-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test (****P<0.0001).