Table 5. Prognostication scores from major CS trials.
ACC-NCDR: American College of Cardiology-National Cardiovascular Data Registry; ACS: acute coronary syndrome; ALKK: Arbeitsgemeinschaft leitende kardiologische Krankenhausärzte; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CS: cardiogenic shock; FMC: first medical contact; HR: heart rate; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; ORBI: Observatoire Regional Breton sur l'Infarctus; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; SAP: systolic arterial pressure; SCAI: Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIA: transient ischemic attack; TIMI: thrombolysis in myocardial infarction
| Trial (year), [reference] | Parameters | Participants | SCAI stage |
| Obling et al. (2018), [110] | Age, stroke, symptom onset to intervention, anterior STEMI, HR/SAP ratio, comatose status after cardiopulmonary resuscitation | 2247 STEMI patients treated by primary PCI | A-B |
| ORBI (2018), [107] | Age>70 years (2 points), previous stroke/TIA (2 points), cardiac arrest upon admission (3 points), anterior STEMI (1 point), FMC-to-PCI delay>90 min (2 points), Killip class (2-6 points), combination of SAP<125 mmHg and pulse pressure<45 mmHg (4 points), glycemia>10 mmol/L (3 points), culprit lesion in the left main artery (5 points), post-PCI TIMI-flow<3 (5 points) | 6838 patients without CS upon admission and treated by primary PCI | A-B |
| ALKK (2004), [111] | Left main artery disease, TIMI-flow<3 post-PCI, advanced age, three-vessel disease, long time intervals between symptom onset and PCI | 1333 patients from the ALKK registry | C-E |
| Sutton et al. (2005), [112] | Previous myocardial infarction, age>70 years, failed reperfusion | 113 patients | C-E |
| ACC-NCDR (2005), [113] | Age, female gender, serum creatinine>2 mg/dL, total occlusion of the left anterior descending artery, no stent used, no glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor used | 483 patients from the ACC-NCDR | C-E |
| TRIUMPH (2009), [114] | SAP, creatinine clearance, number of vasopressors used, norepinephrine dose used | 396 patients from the TRIUMPH trial | C-E |
| SHOCK (2010), [115] | Clinical score: age, anoxic brain damage, end-organ hypoperfusion, shock upon admission, prior CABG, non-inferior infarction, serum creatinine≥1.9 mg/dL, SAP hemodynamic plus clinical score: stroke work, LVEF<28%, age, anoxic brain damage, end-organ hypoperfusion | 1217 patients from the SHOCK trial and registry | C-E |
| CARD-SHOCK (2014), [103] | Prior CABG, ACS etiology, confusion, previous infarction, serum lactates, LVEF, age, SAP | 219 patients from a multicenter European registry | C-E |
| IABP-SHOCK II (2017), [106] | Age>73 years (1 point), previous stroke (2 points), blood glucose>191 mg/dL or 10.6 mmol/L (1 point), serum creatinine>1.5 mg/dL or 132.6 μmol/L(1 point), serum lactates>5 mmol/L (2 points), TIMI-flow<3 post-PCI (2 points) | 600 patients from the IABP-SHOCK II study | C-E |