Table 2.

Incidence of complex regional pain syndrome after different types of surgery.

Type of surgery	N	CRPS incidence
Upper-limb surgery
Open reposition distal radius	6,581	77 (1.17%)
Hand resection arthroplasty	566	6 (1.06%)
Hand tendon, ligament, and fascia repair	2,573	21 (0.82%)
Partial shoulder joint replacement proximal humerus	129	1 (0.78%)
Decompression or neurolysis of hand or arm nerves	930	7 (0.75%)
Shoulder joint replacement, both conventional and inverse	1,421	4 (0.28%)
Shoulder operation	8,456	18 (0.21%)
Open reposition proximal humerus	2,057	4 (0.19%)
Arthrodesis interphalangeal	120	0 (0.00%)
Total for upper-limb surgery	22,833	138 (0.60%)
Lower-limb surgery
Arthrodesis ankle joint open	412	4 (0.97%)
Arthroscopy ankle joint operation	513	4 (0.78%)
Open reposition distal fibula and tibia	4,543	27 (0.59%)
Foot surgery	3,405	17 (0.50%)
Knee joint replacement revision	984	4 (0.41%)
Arthroscopy knee operation	11,189	18 (0.16%)
Hip joint replacement revision	1,264	2 (0.16%)
Hip joint replacement	19,164	25 (0.13%)
Toe amputation	1,525	2 (0.13%)
Removal material femur	913	1 (0.11%)
Knee joint replacement	13,846	9 (0.07%)
Total for lower-limb surgery	57,758	113 (0.20%)

CRPS, complex regional pain syndrome.