Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of study population (n=1053).
| Factors | No. (%)/Mean(SD) | Factors | No. (%)/Mean(SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age(years)/Mean(SD) | 32.84(4.37) | PHQ-9 scores | |
| Body mass index(kg/m2)/Mean(SD) | 24.32(3.25) | Mean(SD) | 2.64(3.41) |
| Education level | Anxiety | ||
| High school or below | 371(35.2) | Normal | 879(83.48) |
| College | 569(54.04) | Mild | 145(13.77) |
| Postgraduate | 113(10.73) | Moderate to severe | 29(2.75) |
| Smoking | GAD-7 scores | ||
| No | 689(65.43) | Mean(SD) | 2.12(2.97) |
| Yes | 64(34.57) | ||
| Drinking | Semen parameters | ||
| No | 714(67.81) | Days of abstinence | |
| Yes | 339(32.19) | Mean(SD) | 4.46 (1.51) |
| Exercise | Range | 2-7 | |
| Barely not | 183(17.38) | Volume(mL) | |
| Sometimes | 715(67.90) | Mean(SD) | 2.67(1.21) |
| Regular | 155(14.72) | Range | 0.3-9.8 |
| Occupational exposure | Progressive motility (%) | ||
| No | 694(65.91) | Mean(SD) | 41.87(21.60) |
| Yes | 359(34.09) | Range | 0-84.59 |
| Bedtime | Non-progressive motility(%) | ||
| Before 10 pm | 56(5.3) | Mean(SD) | 16.35(8.08) |
| 10-12 pm | 806(76.5) | Range | 0.3-54.71 |
| After 12 pm | 131(18.1) | Total motility(%) | |
| Sleep duration | Mean(SD) | 58.22(21.60) | |
| ≥7 hours | 479(45.4) | Range | 0.5-100.0 |
| 6-7 hours | 480(45.5) | Concentration(×106/mL) | |
| <6 hours | 94(8.9) | Mean(SD) | 82.34(64.95) |
| Sleep quality | Range | 1.18-668.8 | |
| Good | 847(80.4) | Total sperm count(×106/ejaculate) | |
| Not good | 206(19.5) | Mean(SD) | 220.53(204.28) |
| Depression | Range | 1.29-1556.4 | |
| Normal | 815(77.40) | Morphology(%) | |
| Mild | 198(18.80) | Mean(SD) | 5.77(3.19) |
| Moderate to severe | 40(3.80) | Range | 0.18-19.26 |
aData are missing for morphology (n=12). SD, standard deviation.