Table 1. Isolates of Escherichia coli ST131 and its single locus variants carrying carbapenemase genes, by country, EU/EEA, August 2012–May 2024 (n = 594).
| Carbapenemase gene | Number of isolates by country and period covered | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT | BE | CZ | DE | DK | FI | FR | HU | IE | LT | LU | LV | NL | NO | PT | SE | SI | Total | |
| 2022–2024 | 2023–2024 | 2021–2023 | 2022–2023 | 2014–2024 | 2021–2024 | 2019–2024 | 2023 | 2016–2024 | 2019–2023 | 2019–2024 | 2023 | 2012–2024 | 2012–2023 | 2016–2022 | 2017–2024 | 2022–2023 | 2012–2024 | |
| bla OXA-244 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 32 | 25 | 3 | 85 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 28 | 6 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 230 |
| bla OXA-48 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 82 | 0 | 101 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 224 |
| bla NDM-1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 31 |
| bla NDM-5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 20 |
| bla KPC-2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 19 |
| bla OXA-181 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| bla KPC-31 a | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 15 |
| bla VIM-1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 |
| bla KPC-3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 12 |
| bla NDM-7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| bla OXA-484 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| bla NDM-18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla VIM-4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla KPC-53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla KPC-225 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla OXA-204 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla OXA-232 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla OXA-244* b | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla NDM-5/bla OXA-232 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| bla NDM-5/bla OXA-244 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 8 | 10 | 3 | 40 | 44 | 6 | 202 | 2 | 129 | 12 | 5 | 2 | 60 | 13 | 20 | 35 | 3 | 594 |
AT: Austria; BE: Belgium; CZ: Czechia; DE: Germany; DK: Denmark; EU/EEA: European Union/European Economic Area; FI: Finland; FR: France; HU: Hungary; IE: Ireland; LT: Lithuania; LU: Luxembourg; LV: Latvia; NL: the Netherlands; NO: Norway; PT: Portugal; SE: Sweden; SI: Slovenia; ST: sequence type.
a bla KPC-31 listed in the Beta-Lactamase DataBase (http://bldb.eu, accessed 28 October 2024) as carbapenemase, but reported in literature as extended spectrum beta-lactamase not conferring carbapenem resistance [24].
bbla OXA-244* represents the new bla OXA-48-like variant with C100T substitution leading to H34T amino acid change.
Numbers in bold indicate detection of ≥ 1 isolate.