Table 1.
Baseline parameters of 3 groups: Dapagliflozin, GL 2016 and GL 2012 group.
| Variables | Dapagliflozin (n = 240) | GL2016 (n = 111) | GL2012 n (n = 90) | Dapagliflozin vs GL2016 | Dapagliflozin vs GL2012 | GL2016 vs GL2012 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||||
| Age, years | 67.18 ± 11.11 | 67.10 ± 11.65 | 67.00 ± 11.20 | 0.99 | 1 | 1 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.90 ± 0.19 | 1.92 ± 0.18 | 1.90 ± 0.20 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Male, n (%) | 196 (81.50) | 90 (81.08) | 73 (81.11) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 169 (70.42) | 88 (79.28) | 51 (56.70) | 0.081 | 0.018 | 0.0004 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 165 (68.75) | 85 (76.58) | 63 (70.00) | 0.132 | 0.829 | 0.295 |
| Smoke, n (%) | 55 (22.90) | 31 (27.93) | 33 (36.70) | 0.513 | 0.020 | 0.149 |
| Previous smoke, n (%) | 83 (34.58) | 12 (10.81) | 24 (26.70) | 0.000002 | 0.172 | 0.003 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 57 (23.75) | 43 (38.74) | 35 (38.90) | 0.003 | 0.006 | 0.982 |
| Diabetes NID, n (%) | 61 (25.42) | 32 (28.83) | 35 (38.90) | 0.501 | 0.016 | 0.133 |
| Diabetes ID, n (%) | 34 (14.16) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Chronic renal failure, n (%) | 51 (21.25) | 54 (48.63) | 49 (54.40) | 0.0000001 | 0.016 | 0 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 86 (35.84) | 34 (30.63) | 22 (24.70) | 0.340 | 0.333 | 0.051 |
| COPD, n (%) | 67 (27.91) | 32 (28.83) | 21 (23.30) | 0.860 | 0.403 | 0.381 |
| Anemia, n (%) | 37 (15.40) | 30 (27.03) | 25 (27.80) | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.906 |
| Chronic coronary syndrome, n (%) | 88 (36.67) | 58 (52.25) | 60 (66.70) | 0.050 | 0.0000005 | 0.039 |
| Previous ICD implantation, n (%) | 101 (42.00) | 41 (36.94) | 46 (51.10) | 0.362 | 0.142 | 0.051 |
| Previous CRT-D implantation, n (%) | 48 (20.00) | 37 (33.33) | 12 (13.30) | 0.0066 | 0.162 | 0.0009 |
| Sinus rhythm, n (%) | 180 (75.00) | 89 (80.18) | 82 (91.10) | 0.287 | 0.0012 | 0.030 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Proton pump inhibitors, n (%) | 183 (76.25) | 92 (82.88) | 90 (100.00) | 0.161 | 0.0000002 | 0.00002 |
| Mineralcorticoid receptor antagonists, n (%) | 143 (59.58) | 57 (51.35) | 52 (57.80) | 0.148 | 0.767 | 0.365 |
| Furosemide, n (%) | 155 (64.58) | 100 (90.09) | 83 (92.20) | 0.0000004 | 0.0000004 | 0.600 |
| Furosemide, mg | 38.57 ± 47.45 | 61.18 ± 45.36 | 65.75 ± 82.26 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.844 |
| Beta blockers, n (%) | 201 (83.75) | 91 (81.98) | 85 (94.40) | 0.681 | 0.011 | 0.008 |
| ACE—inhibitors, n (%) | 26 (10.83) | 5 (4.50) | 76 (84.40) | 0.052 | 0 | 0 |
| Angiotensin receptor antagonists, n (%) | 13 (4.29) | – | 14 (15.60) | – | 0.002 | – |
| Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors, n (%) | 160 (66.67) | 90 (81.08) | – | 0.005 | – | – |
One-Way ANOVA except for *unpaired t test Dapagliflozin vs GL 2012 population and ** unpaired t test Dapagliflozin vs GL 2016 population. Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level
ACE, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme; ARNI, Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor; BSA, Body Surface Area; COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CRT-D, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Defibrillator; ICD, Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator; ID, Insulin Dependent; NID, Non-insulin dependent