Table 5.
Patient Characteristics, Respiratory Support, and Postoperative Complications by Type of Surgerya
| Monobloc | Le Fort III | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IEX | DEX | IEX | DEX | |
| No. of patients (%) | 38 (38) | 61 (62) | 24 (19) | 101 (81) |
| Median age (IQR), yrs | 6.3 (4.1–9.4) | 3.0 (2.0–5.5) | 15.3 (8.6–18.4) | 12.1 (8.0–16.3) |
| OSA classification, no. (%) | ||||
| No/mild | 25 (66) | 33 (54) | 16 (67) | 52 (51) |
| Moderate | 2 (5) | 9 (15) | 2 (8) | 16 (16) |
| Severe | 11 (29) | 10 (16) | 5 (21) | 27 (27) |
| Unknown | 0 (0) | 9 (15) | 1 (4) | 6 (6) |
| Median EBL (IQR), mL/kg | 53 (29–70) | 84 (61–124) | 27 (21–39) | 36 (26–46) |
| Median TBV (IQR), mL/kg | 22 (17–36) | 38 (24–66) | 7 (0–15) | 16 (6–25) |
| Median days intubated (IQR) | — | 5 (3–8) | — | 3 (3–5) |
| Respiratory support before extubation, no. (%) | ||||
| Open tube | — | 3 (5) | — | 6 (5) |
| Oxygen | — | 5 (8) | — | 8 (8) |
| Mechanical ventilation | — | 53 (87) | — | 87 (86) |
| Respiratory support after extubation, no. (%) | ||||
| None | 24 (63) | 28 (46) | 14 (58) | 45 (45) |
| Oxygen | 12 (32) | 25 (41) | 9 (38) | 55 (54) |
| Oropharyngeal airway | 2 (5) | 3 (5) | 1 (4) | 1 (1) |
| CPAP | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 3 (3) |
| Endotracheal reintubation | 1 (3) | 5 (8) | 0 (0) | 7 (7) |
| New tracheostomy | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 4 (4) |
| Complications, no. (%) | ||||
| Pneumonia | 0 (0) | 10 (16) | 0 (0) | 14 (14) |
| Pressure ulcer | 1 (3) | 8 (13) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) |
IEX, immediate extubation; DEX, delayed extubation; EBL, estimated blood loss; TBV, transfused blood volume; CPAP, continuous postoperative airway pressure.
a
One patient could have multiple types of respiratory support or complications.