TABLE 1.
Characteristics of included studies—Acute burn wounds.
| Author | Year | Country | Design | Study population | Sample size | Intervention | Control | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Control | |||||||
| Avila Leon et al. 32 | 2023 | Colombia | Observational comparative study | Patients admitted to the burn unit who had secondary skin defects from burns | 33 grafted body areas (29 patients) | 35 grafted body areas (29 patients) | Glycerolized acellular dermal matrix (GADM) + autograft | Autograft |
| Bloemen et al. 33 | 2010 | The Netherlands | RCT | Patients admitted and needed surgical treatment for acute burn wounds or reconstruction of burn scars | 35 scar pairs in 26 patients | 35 scar pairs in 26 patients | Matriderm® + split‐skin graft | Split‐skin graft |
| Bloemen et al. 17 | 2012 | The Netherlands | RCT | Patients with: 1. Deep dermal or full‐thickness burn wounds requiring skin transplantation; 2. ≥18 years; 3. TBSA third‐degree burns ≤15%; 4. Study wound surface area min. 10 cm2; 5. Study wound surface area max. 300 cm2; 6. Informed consent |
23 patients (Intervention + TNP: 21 patients; only TNP: 22 patients) |
20 patients | Matriderm® + split‐skin graft | Split‐skin graft |
| Branski et al. 34 | 2007 | USA | RCT | Patients with: 1. Burn size ≥50% TBSA and ≥40% TBSA full‐thickness burn; 2. Patients admitted within 72 h of injury; 3. Patients not septic at admission | 10 patients | 10 patients | Integra® + split‐skin graft | Split‐skin graft |
| Chen et al. 35 | 2013 | China | RCT | Admitted patients with deep burns who needed surgical treatment 1. Burn area ≤60%; 2. Third‐degree burn area ≤40%; 3. Thermal burns; 4. No exposed bones/joints/nerves or tendons; 5. No serious heart/liver/kidney and blood system complications; 6. no systemic infection | 30 patients | 30 patients | Porcine acellular dermal xenograft + autologous split‐thickness skin | Autologous split‐thickness skin grafting |
| Chen et al. 28 | 2023 | China | RCT | Patients: 1. Admitted ≥24 h; 2. Clear consciousness, ability to communicate and answer questions normally; 3. Complete medical record data |
1208 patients (Burn group (n = 158), Trauma group (n = 105)) |
1208 patients (Burn group (n = 602), Trauma group (n = 343)) |
Acellular dermis matrix + autologous ultra‐thin split‐thickness skin composite transplantation | Traditional skin graft repair |
| de Decker et al. 30 | 2023 | Belgium | Intra‐individual comparison | Patients with: 1. Deep partial thickness and full‐thickness burns as shown by Laser Doppler Imaging (LDI) and/or clinically evaluated by two plastic surgeons or a burn care coordinator; 2. Other full‐thickness skin defects besides burns (e.g., necrotizing fasciitis, deglovements or phalloplasty donor sites after free flap harvest; 3. Possibility to follow complete treatment schedule; 4. Informed consent; 5. Age between 18 and 80 years |
82 wounds in 66 patients (Burn injuries (n = 29); Phalloplasty donor site (n = 29); Other full‐thickness skin defects (n = 8)) |
82 wounds in 66 patients (Burn injuries (n = 29); Phalloplasty donor site (n = 29); Other full‐thickness skin defects (n = 8)) |
Glyaderm® + split‐thickness skin graft | Split‐thickness skin graft |
| Gardien et al. 36 | 2023 | The Netherlands | Intra‐individual comparison | 1. Informed consent; 2. Age ≥18 years with full‐thickness skin defects that require skin grafting; 3. ≤ 50% Total body surface area burned with full‐thickness skin defects at time of intervention; 4. Full‐thickness skin defects configured in such a way that two comparable and measurable areas can be grafted, both a minimum of 3 × 3 cm |
24 patients (Reconstructive wound (n = 5), acute burn wound (n = 19)) |
24 patients (Reconstructive wound (n = 5), acute burn wound (n = 19)) |
Novomaix® + split‐thickness skin graft | Split‐thickness skin graft |
| Gore 37 | 2005 | USA | Matched control | Patients of ≥70 years admitted to the Burn Center following thermal injury | 10 patients | 18 patients | AlloDerm® + thin autograft (depth 0.005 inches) | Autografting (depth 0.014 inches) |
| Hansbrough et al. 38 | 1992 | USA | Clinical trial | Patients in whom burn wounds would be surgically excised within 2 weeks of injury | 17 patients | 17 patients | Dermagraft® + thin MESTSG | Standard thickness MESTSGs |
| Heimbach et al. 39 | 1988 | USA | RCT | Patients who were hospitalised with extensive flame or scald burns that were considered to be life‐threatening and, in the opinion of the investigator, would not heal within 3 weeks and were amenable to early excision and grafting | 136 sites in 106 patients | 136 sites in 106 patients | Artificial dermis + meshed autograft | Meshed autograft |
| Hop et al. 40 | 2014 | The Netherlands | RCT | Patients with: 1. Deep dermal or full thickness burn wounds requiring skin transplantation; 2. Age ≥18 years; 3. TBSA full thickness burns 15%; 4. Study wound surface area min. 10 cm2 and max. 300 cm2; 5. Informed consent |
23 patients (Intervention + TNP: 21 patients; only TNP: 22 patients) |
20 patients | Matriderm® + split‐skin graft | Split‐skin graft |
| Lagus et al. 41 | 2013 | Finland | Intra‐individual comparison | Patients with: 1. Age 17–70 years; 2. TBSA >20%; 3. Burns located on the anterior side of the body | 10 patients | 10 patients | Integra® + split thickness skin graft | Split thickness skin graft |
| Li et al. 42 | 2015 | China | RCT | Patients who sustained burns | 30 patients | 30 patients | Acellular dermis matrix + autologous split‐thickness | Autologous split‐thickness skin |
| Liu et al. 29 | 2013 | China | RCT | Patients with deeply burned hands where eschar is excised | 27 patients | 26 patients | Acellular dermis matrix + autologous split‐thickness skin | Autologous medium‐thickness skin |
| Munster et al. 43 | 2001 | USA | Intra‐individual comparison | Patients with a burn size and third degree component large enough to plan a two‐stage procedure for complete wound coverage | 17 patients | 17 patients | AlloDerm® + immediately covered with thin (6/000 inch) split thickness autograft | Split thickness autograft with standard thickness (10–12/000 inch) |
| Pirayesh et al. 31 | 2015 | The Netherlands | Intra‐individual comparison | Patients ≤80 years with: 1. Full‐thickness burns or lower arm defects after free flap harvesting; 2. The possibility to follow the complete treatment schedule |
32 sites in 28 patients (13 burn wound sites in 9 patients; 19 radial forearm flap sites in 19 patients) |
32 sites in 28 patients (13 burn wound sites in 9 patients; 19 radial forearm flap sites in 19 patients) |
Glyaderm® + split‐thickness skin graft | Split thickness skin graft |
| Ryssel et al. 21 | 2008 | Germany | Intra‐individual comparison | Admitted patients who needed surgical treatment for acute burns | 28 treated areas in 10 patients | 28 treated areas in 10 patients | Matriderm® + split‐thickness autograft | Split‐thickness autograft |
| Ryssel et al. 20 | 2010 | Germany | Intra‐individual comparison | Patients: 1. Who required surgical treatment for acute burns on the dorsal surface of both hands; 2. Age 18–70 years; 3. Sufficient knowledge of German to complete the self‐report questionnaire; 4. no other serious hand injuries that might affect principle outcomes | 18 treated areas in 18 patients | 18 treated areas in 18 patients | Matriderm® + split‐thickness skin graft | Split‐thickness skin graft |
| Shang and Hou 44 | 2021–1 | China | RCT | Patients with: 1. Integrated clinical data; 2. TBSA >85% with III degree TBSA >50% and scar area >50% TBSA; 3. Normally function in major organs including heart, lung, liver, and kidney; 4. Informed consent | 28 patients | 28 patients | Acellular dermis matrix + autologous split‐thickness skin graft | Intermediate‐thickness skin graft |
| Shang et al. 27 | 2021‐2 | China | RCT | Patients with: 1. Flame burns; 2. TBSA 85%–95%, in which the sum of deep second‐ and third‐degree wounds exceeded 50% of TBSA, and the scalp was normal; 3. Informed consent; 4. Normal mental status and good compliance. | 32 patients |
32 patients |
Acellular dermis matrix + autologous razor‐thin graft | Autologous scar tissue + autologous razor‐thin graft |
| Sheridan et al. 45 | 1998 | USA | Matched control | Patients with limited (<25%) areas of the body surface available for donor harvest who needed either acute resurfacing or reconstructive procedures, both of which required split‐thickness auto grafting. |
10 sites on 6 children (9 reconstructive sites and 1 acute burn site) |
10 sites on 6 children (9 reconstructive sites and 1 acute burn site) |
AlloDerm® + thin autograft | Autograft |
| van Zuijlen et al. 22 | 2000 | The Netherlands | Intra‐individual comparison | Admitted patients who needed surgical treatment for acute burn wounds or reconstruction of scar tissue that remained after a burn injury | 42 paired wound areas in 31 patients | 42 paired wound areas in 31 patients | Matriderm® + split‐thickness autograft | Split‐thickness autograft |
| van Zuijlen et al. 23 | 2001 | The Netherlands | Intra‐individual comparison | Admitted patients who needed excision and skin grafting for acute burn wounds or reconstruction of scar tissue that remained after a burn injury. | 42 paired wound areas in 31 patients | 42 paired wound areas in 31 patients | Matriderm® + split skin graft | Split skin graft |
| Wainwright et al. 46 | 1996 | USA | Intra‐individual comparison | Presence of contiguous or mirror‐image sites (measuring between 6 cm × 6 cm and 7.5 cm × 15.5 cm) of full‐thickness or deep partial‐thickness burn injury, the patient's expected survival, the need for two or more operative procedures during hospitalisation, and the patient's informed consent | 43 patients | 43 patients | AlloDerm® + split‐thickness skin graft | Split‐thickness skin graft |
| Wu et al. 47 | 2022 | USA | Observational comparative study | Adults who underwent wound reconstruction of the head and/or neck, with either BTM or CCS bilayer |
5 patients (burn (n = 2), trauma (n = 1), surgical wounds (n = 1), and skin cancer (n = 1)) |
10 patients (burn (n = 6), trauma (n = 2), surgical wounds (n = 2)) |
NovoSorb biodegradable temporising matrix (BTM) + split‐thickness skin graft | Integra collagen‐chondroitin silicone (CCS) + split‐thickness skin graft |