Fig. 4.

RCMNs effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages and improve mitochondrial function. A Flow cytometry analysis of mitochondria stained with Mito Tracker Red and Mito Tracker Green (Green⁺/Red⁻). B Quantification of mitochondrial ROS levels by staining with MitoSox and subsequent flow cytometry analysis revealed the effects of RCMNs on mitochondrial function. C Representative transmission electron micrographs (TEM) provided visual evidence of mitochondrial amount, morphology, and cristae structure, while the histogram quantified changes in mitochondrial size and number