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. 2024 Nov 22;16(11):e74228. doi: 10.7759/cureus.74228

Table 2. Multivariate analysis of independent predictors of firearm-related deaths in the United States by intent (2015-2020).

Variables (N = 186,357; 100%) Suicides (N = 107,850; 57.9%) Homicides (N = 74,606; 40.0%) Unintentional injuries (N = 2,263; 1.2%)
Age      
20-44 years Reference Reference Reference
10-19 years 3.04 (2.92-3.16) 2.87 (2.77-2.97) 6.18 (5.34-7.16)
45-64 years 0.11 (0.110-0.14) 0.04 (0.037-0.038) 0.07 (0.06-0.08)
>64 years 0.02 (0.021-0.023) 0.003 (0.002-0.003) 0.01 (0.008-0.012)
Female 0.19 (0.18-0.19) 0.26 (0.26-0.27) 0.16 (0.14-0.19)
Season      
Winter Reference Reference Reference 
Spring 1.02 (1.00-1.07) 1.04 (1.01-1.07) 1.02 (0.87-1.21)
Summer 1.12 (1.09-1.14) 1.27 (1.23-1.31) 1.00 (0.86-1.15)
Fall 0.99 (0.97-1.01) 1.21 (1.18-1.25) 1.00 (0.86-1.15)
Race/ethnicity      
White Reference Reference Reference
Black 0.26 (0.25-0.27) 6.68 (6.50-6.87) 0.92 (0.80-1.06)
Hispanic 0.43 (0.42-0.45) 2.82 (2.73-2.92) 0.69 (0.57-0.84)
Education            
High school Reference Reference Reference
Tertiary 1.42 (1.40-1.45) 0.79 (0.75-0.82) 0.96 (0.83-1.10)
Advanced 1.34 (1.30-1.39) 0.70 (0.63-0.78) 0.58 (0.39-0.86)
Race x education            
White x high school Reference Reference Reference
White x tertiary 1.42 (1.40-1.45) 0.79 (0.75-0.82) 0.96 (0.83-1.10)
White x advanced 1.34 (1.30-1.39) 0.70 (0.63-0.78) 0.58 (0.39-0.86)
Black x high school 0.26 (0.25-0.27) 6.68 (6.50-6.87) 0.92 (0.80-1.06)
Black x tertiary 0.40 (0.38-0.42) 3.85 (3.71-4.00) 0.55 (0.41-0.74)
Black x advanced 0.37 (0.32-0.44) 1.26 (1.06-1.50) 0.28 (0.07-1.13)
Hispanic x high school 0.43 (0.42-0.45) 2.82 (2.73-2.92) 0.69 (0.57-0.84)
Hispanic x tertiary 0.88 (0.83-0.93) 1.87 (1.75-2.00) 0.84 (0.59-1.21)
Hispanic x advanced 0.85 (0.71-1.01) 1.26 (0.94-1.67) -
Depression 12.9 (12.4-13.5) 0.10 (0.05-0.18) 2.74 (1.57-4.81)
Bipolar disorder 1.61 (1.41-1.84) 0.08 (0.03-0.20) 0.88 (0.22-3.55)
Obesity 0.02 (0.015-0.022) 0.01 (0.005-0.010) 0.04 (0.013-0.12)