Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of the subjects.
| Parameters | Healthy controls | T2DM | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n (male/female) | 30(20/10) | 30(18/12) | |
| Age (year) | 56.7 ± 10.1 | 57.0 ± 13.1 | 0.895 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.9 ± 3.6 | 28.5 ± 4.7 | 0.287 |
| HbA1c(%) | 5.7 ± 0.8 | 7.3 ± 1.2 | 0.0024 |
| FBG(mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 0.5 | 8.3 ± 1.1 | 0.0024 |
| PBG (mmol/L) | 6.8 ± 0.6 | 12.4 ± 0.5 | 0.0024 |
| Family history | 4(13.3 %) | 8(26.67 %) | 0.36 |
| Smoking | 5(16.67 %) | 7(23.33 %) | 0.747 |
| Alcohol | 5(16.67 %) | 9(30 %) | 0.36 |
| Physical activity | 12(40 %) | 10(33.33 %) | 0.789 |
| Scr (umol/L) | 95.51 ± 0.4 | 96.35 ± 0.6 | 0.895 |
| TG(mmol/l) | 1.54 ± 0.3 | 1.59 ± 0.5 | 0.895 |
| TC(mmol/l) | 4.34 ± 0.2 | 4.39 ± 0.4 | 0.895 |
| LDL-C(mmol/L) | 2.83 ± 0.25 | 2.86 ± 0.34 | 0.895 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or as the numbers (%) of participants. Continuous variables are subjected to a t-test (normal distribution) or the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test (nonnormal distribution) depending on the normality of the distribution, and P-values are shown after applying the FDR or Bonferroni multiple tests, respectively; categorical variables are subjected to the χ2 test. Abbreviations: BMI – body mass index; HbA1c – hemoglobin A1c; FBG – fasting blood glucose; PBG – postprandial blood glucose; Scr – serum creatinine; TG – triglyceride; TC – serum total cholesterol; LDL-C – low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; p – statistical significance.