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β3-Adrenoceptor is activated by norepinephrine (NE) derived from sympathetic nerves, which leads to the stimulation of adiponectin secretion from adipocytes in PVAT and the regulation of vascular tone through downstream signaling pathways. AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthesis; NO, nitric oxide; PVAT, perivascular adipose tissue; VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells; EC, endothelial cells.
