Fig. 2. The solvation structures of electrolytes. The FTIR spectra of different electrolytes in the range of (a) 600–3500 cm⁻¹, (b) 1025–1250 cm⁻¹ and (c) 1600–2000 cm⁻¹. Raman spectra of different electrolytes in the range of (d) 500–2000 cm⁻¹, (e) 760–920 cm⁻¹, (f) 710–780 cm⁻¹, (g) 1720–1900 cm⁻¹ and (h) 1550–1700 cm⁻¹. (i) The simulation of all the solvated structures in the electrolyte combined with calculations and tests.