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. 2024 Nov 12;9:562. Originally published 2024 Oct 2. [Version 2] doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23036.2

Table 3. Association between T2DM and periodontal disease: Crude and adjusted models.

Crude model Adjusted model *
PR (95% CI) PR (95% CI)
Glycemic status
   Normal 1 (Reference) 1 (Reference)
   Prediabetes 0.70 (0.35- 1.39) 0.71 (0.36 - 1.42)
   T2DM 2.03 (1.21 - 3.42) 1.99 (1.12 - 3.54)
Duration of disease
   No T2DM 1 (Reference) 1 (Reference)
   T2DM <5 years 2.48 (1.43 - 4.30) 2.48 (1.38 - 4.46)
   T2DM ≥5 years 1.34 (0.44 - 4.12) 1.23 (0.39 - 3.91)

T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; PR: prevalence ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals

* Model adjusted for sex, age, education level, socioeconomic status, currently working, daily tobacco use, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable intake, and body mass index.