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Quasi-Experimental Studies, Risk of Bias Analysis (n = 51).
| Assessment | Is cause and effect clear? | Were comparison participants similar? | Was there a control group? | Was follow-up complete? | Were all measured in the same way? | Were outcomes measured in a valid way? | Was appropriate statistical analysis used? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | 51 | 32 | 31 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 51 |
| No | 0 | 19 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
