Table 3.
The association between different types of dietary protein intake and sleep quality and quality of life in hemodialysis patients (n = 479).
| Model 0a | Model 1b | Model 2c | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | P-value | Effect size | β (95% CI) | P-value | Effect size | β (95% CI) | P-value | Effect size | |
| Total protein | |||||||||
| Quality of life | 0.164 (0.133, 0.195) | <0.001 | 0.47 | 0.214 (0.151, 0.277) | <0.001 | 0.55 | 0.206 (0.140, 0.272) | <0.001 | 0.51 |
| Sleep quality | −0.02 (−0.03,-0.01) | <0.001 | 0.19 | −0.024 (−0.045, −0.004) | 0.021 | 0.30 | −0.022 (−0.043, −0.001) | 0.037 | 0.31 |
| Animal protein | |||||||||
| Quality of life | 0.220 (0.173, 0.266) | <0.001 | 0.17 | 0.175 (0.120, 0.229) | <0.001 | 0.54 | 0.171 (0.115, 0.226) | 0.305 | 0.51 |
| Sleep quality | −0.03 (−0.04,-0.01) | <0.001 | 0.42 | −0.019 (−0.037, −0.001) | 0.034 | 0.30 | −0.19 (−0.036, −0.001) | 0.039 | 0.31 |
| Plant protein | |||||||||
| Quality of life | 0.181 (0.124, 0.239) | <0.001 | 0.47 | −0.075 (−0.189, 0.039) | 0.196 | 0.44 | −0.099 (−0.215, 0.017) | 0.095 | 0.41 |
| Sleep quality | −0.03 (−0.05,-0.01) | 0.002 | 0.14 | 0.005 (−0.030, 0.040) | 0.769 | 0.28 | 0.011 (−0.025, 0.047) | 0.539 | 0.30 |
| Plant/Animal protein | |||||||||
| Quality of life | −0.826 (−1.466, −0.185) | 0.012 | 0.46 | −0.906 (−1.509, −0.303) | 0.003 | 0.46 | −0.941 (−1.546, −0.335) | 0.002 | 0.43 |
| Sleep quality | 0.177 (−0.14, 0.37) | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.179 (−0.011, 0.368) | 0.064 | 0.30 | 0.188 (0.001, 0.375) | 0.048 | 0.31 |
p < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Effect size = Cohen’s f2 for linear models.
Model 0, linear regression analysis without adjustment.
Model I, linear regression analysis with adjustment for center type, city, age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, job, marital status, education, income status, smoking, BMI, physical activity, and energy intake.
Model II, linear regression analysis with correction for center type, city, age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, job, marital status, education, income status, smoking, BMI, physical activity, energy intake, dialysis vintage, dialysis time, frequency of hemodialysis sessions, fluid intake, urine volume, and medication prescriptions (Corticosteroids, Sevelamer hydrochloride, Calcium carbonate, Calcitriol, furosemide, lipid drugs).