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. 2024 Nov 12;15:1450064. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1450064

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Copyright © 2024 Chen, Wang, Zou, Li, Yang, Su and Mo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Aging-related alterations in intestinal structural and barrier function. (A) Comparison of length from colon to anus between young and old mice (n = 11). (B) HE staining showing crypt structures in the intestines of young and old mice, with at least 30 complete crypts analyzed per mouse (n = 7). (C) Comparison of mucus layer thickness in the intestines between young and old mice (n = 4). (D) IHC staining for MUC2 protein in intestinal sections from young and old mice, with average optical density (AOD) used to quantify staining intensity (n = 6–7). (E) Expression levels of ZO-1 protein in the intestines of young and old mice, measured using relative fluorescence intensity for group comparison (n = 4). (F) Comparison of plasma endotoxin levels in young and old mice (n = 9–10). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ****P < 0.0001.