Figure 2.

Application of gut microbiota data for EC diagnosis, prognosis, and patient stratification. This figure illustrates the utilization of gut microbiota data to enhance the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of EC. The process begins with microbiome sampling from oral, fecal, and tumor tissues, followed by standardized data collection and analysis, considering individual variability. Gut microbiota profiles are used for oncologic screening, aiding in distinguishing EC patients from healthy individuals, and for prognosis prediction, employing machine learning models to estimate survival outcomes based on microbial composition, such as F. nucleatum levels. Additionally, microbiota characteristics can predict adverse treatment effects, informing risk management. Microbial data also support treatment stratification, guiding personalized interventions to optimize therapeutic efficacy. This highlights the potential of microbiome profiling in advancing EC patient care through precision medicine.