Figure 1.

Native cellular accumulation patterns of NAP signaling proteins in Marchantia gemmae.

(A) Schematic diagram of the nuclear auxin signaling pathway. In the absence of auxin, Aux/IAA repressors interact with ARFs to inhibit transcriptional activation. In the presence of auxin, TIR1 interacts with Aux/IAA and targets it for proteasomal degradation. Free ARFs initiate gene transcription of auxin response genes. ARF2 is independent from this regulation. The regulation mode of ARF3 is not well characterized. Both ARF2 and ARF3 act as transcriptional repressors.(B) Principle of homologous recombination (HR)-mediated genomic knockin of fluorescent proteins at the C terminus of a gene of interest. hptII, hygromycin phosphotransferase; LB, T-DNA left border; mSC-I, mScarlet-I; pEF1ɑ, ELONGATION FACTOR1ɑ promoter; tNOS, nopaline synthase terminatormoter; RB, T-DNA right border; tNOS, nopaline synthase terminator.(C–H) Fluorescence patterns reflecting the accumulation of core nuclear auxin signaling proteins in dormant gemmae of Marchantia knockin lines with mScarlet-I. Scale bar, 100 μm. White arrowhead indicates the apical notch; yellow arrowheads indicate the rhizoid cells.