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. 2024 Nov 25;14:29243. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75215-5

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — Kaplan-Meier curves for the UC/CD subgroup with reoperation (N = 116) considering events between the first observation of laboratory and/or prescription at most 2 years prior to the baseline surgery and up to subsequent 5 years. (a) Comparison of subjects with prescription of mesalamine only (Red: N = 33) vs. any immunosuppressive such as azathioprine + (sulfasalazine or balsalazide) (Purple + Blue: N = 19) in combination with prednisolone (P = 0.01). Median time to reoperation was 1.6 and 2.5 years for the Red vs. Purple + Blue subgroups, respectively (0.9-year difference). (b) Comparison of UC only subjects with prescription of mesalamine only (stating with Red: N = 18) vs. the ones starting with mesalamine only and switch to prednisolone combination with azathioprine + sulfasalazine or azathioprine + sulfasalazine + balsalazide (switched to Purple + Blue: N = 10) (P = 0.01). Median reoperation was delayed − 1.2 vs. 2.3 years for the Red vs. Purple + Blue subgroups, respectively (1.1-year difference).