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. 2024 Nov 26;14:29274. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-80836-x

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Characterization of higher order mutants of pgdh3 with either pgr5 or pam68lpam68l. A 14-day-old plants grown under standard growth conditions. While pgdh3pam68l appears similar in size and color to Col-0 and single mutants, pgdh3pgr5^hope1, and pgdh3pgr5-Cas#1 lines are not only smaller but also pale green. B F_v/F_m determination for single and double mutant lines. Mean, ± SD, N = 9, P < 0.05. C PIFT measurement of 3-week-old plants of the genotypes Col-0, pgdh3-1, pgdh3pam68lpam68l, pgdh3pgr5^hope1, and pgdh3pgr5-Cas#1. The dotted red line indicates the Col-0 F₀ peak in PIFT. Mean, ± SEM, N = 9. D, E Non-Photochemical-Quenching (NPQ) induction curve measured at 110 PAR for Col-0 (filled squares), pgdh3-1 (filled circle), pam68l (filled hexagon), pgr5^hope1 (empty triangle), pgdh3pam68l (half-filled hexagon) and pgdh3pgr5^hope1 (half-filled circle). Mean, ± SD, N = 6–9. F, G OJIP curves were taken with the standard Dual-PAM protocol for the different genotypes. Col-0 (black), pgdh3-1 (blue), pam68l (purple), pgr5^hope1 (red), pgdh3pam68l (pink) and pgdh3pgr5^hope1 (green). MEAN, N = 6.