Table 1. Comparative analysis of genetic and environmental factors influencing prostate cancer outcomes.

AHR: Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor; AR: Androgen Receptor; PAHs: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; CAG: Cytosine-Adenine-Guanine.

Factor	African American Men	Caucasian Men	Impact on Prostate Cancer Outcomes
AHR Expression	Higher levels in prostate cancer tissues.	Lower levels.	May drive more aggressive tumor behavior in African American men.
AR Gene Polymorphisms	Shorter CAG repeats leading to increased AR activity.	Longer CAG repeats, typically associated with lower AR activity.	Shorter CAG repeats in African American men contribute to higher AR signaling and potentially more aggressive cancer.
Environmental Exposures	Greater exposure to PAHs and dioxins due to socioeconomic factors.	Less exposure in general.	Increased exposure in African American men may amplify AHR activity, leading to more aggressive cancer.
Access to Healthcare	Limited access, often presenting with more advanced disease.	Better access, earlier diagnosis.	Disparities in access lead to later-stage diagnoses and poorer outcomes in African American men.