FIGURE 4.

Overview of evasion proteins that are involved in evading neutrophil killing. Enlargement of the phagosome is shown on the right. Red boxes indicate staphylococcal proteins, and blue boxes indicate host proteins. Staphyloxanthin provides a protective shield, KatA neutralizes hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) into water (H₂O) and oxygen (O₂), and SPIN inhibits MPO activity. MprF and the Dlt operon lead to an increase in positive charge of the bacterial surface. Abbreviations: SOD, superoxide dismutase; SAK, staphylokinase; KatA, catalase; MPO, myeloperoxidase; SPIN, staphylococcal peroxidase inhibitor; Aur, aureolysin; Hmp, flavohemoglobin; Ldh, l-lactate dehydrogenase; Eap, extracellular adherence protein; EapH, extracellular adherence protein homologue; PR3, proteinase 3; CG, cathepsin G; NE, neutrophil elastase. The figure was adapted from Servier Medical Art.