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. 2024 Nov 25;16:234. doi: 10.1186/s13102-024-01024-y

Table 5.

Comparison of physical fitness indicators among Chinese university students with different BMI levels ( boys)

Project Age(yrs) BMI Cohen’s d#
Emaciated (A) Normal (B) Overweight (C) Obesity (D)
N Mean ± SD N Mean ± SD N Mean ± SD N Mean ± SD A/B A/C A/D B/C B/D C/D
Vital capacity 19 yrs 535 3612.86 ± 662.30 2469 3833.71 ± 686.74 962 4019.64 ± 743.52 127 3882.23 ± 785.04 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2
20 yrs 466 3706.21 ± 682.11 3168 4000.19 ± 685.65 1107 4019.19 ± 693.20 55 3811.57 ± 646.86 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.3
21 yrs 289 3757.01 ± 704.10 2623 4003.28 ± 737.41 693 4180.55 ± 680.77 159 4151.31 ± 692.36 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.0
22 yrs 278 3796.04 ± 776.32 2580 4191.28 ± 710.34 756 4242.39 ± 726.73 143 4275.09 ± 717.37 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0
19–22 yrs 1568 3699.65 ± 700.03 10,840 4008.5 ± 715.04 3518 4099.06 ± 718.46 484 4078.67 ± 739.66 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0
Sit and reach 19 yrs 535 12.70 ± 6.45 2469 13.29 ± 6.06 962 12.71 ± 6.26 127 12.23 ± 5.42 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
20 yrs 466 11.77 ± 6.06 3168 12.83 ± 6.13 1107 12.27 ± 5.99 55 9.53 ± 6.03 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.5
21 yrs 289 12.55 ± 6.06 2623 13.50 ± 6.04 693 12.79 ± 5.91 159 10.81 ± 5.95 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.3
22 yrs 278 13.18 ± 5.50 2580 14.11 ± 5.57 756 13.50 ± 5.75 143 12.74 ± 6.02 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1
19–22 yrs 1568 12.48 ± 6.12 10,840 13.40 ± 5.98 3518 12.76 ± 6.01 484 11.61 ± 5.93 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2
Pull-up/Situp 19 yrs 535 8.68 ± 4.78 2469 8.02 ± 4.88 962 5.62 ± 4.39 127 4.39 ± 4.11 0.1 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.3
20 yrs 466 7.63 ± 4.49 3168 7.46 ± 4.57 1107 6.74 ± 5.09 55 9.00 ± 6.27 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.4
21 yrs 289 8.11 ± 5.35 2623 7.87 ± 5.22 693 5.77 ± 4.34 159 4.09 ± 3.65 0.0 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.4
22 yrs 278 7.57 ± 4.48 2580 7.57 ± 4.13 756 6.48 ± 3.99 143 4.79 ± 3.51 0.0 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.4
19–22 yrs 1568 8.07 ± 4.77 10,840 7.71 ± 4.72 3518 6.19 ± 4.56 484 4.93 ± 4.36 0.1 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.3
Standing long jump 19 yrs 535 227.58 ± 21.36 2469 227.16 ± 20.94 962 219.70 ± 19.64 127 212.50 ± 23.44 0.0 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.3
20 yrs 466 220.16 ± 22.08 3168 222.54 ± 20.79 1107 215.88 ± 21.07 55 210.81 ± 20.03 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.2
21 yrs 289 220.28 ± 24.34 2623 221.22 ± 22.87 693 216.22 ± 20.68 159 210.80 ± 24.24 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.2
22 yrs 278 217.39 ± 26.73 2580 223.86 ± 20.71 756 217.74 ± 19.39 143 211.48 ± 21.5 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.3
19–22 yrs 1568 222.22 ± 23.48 10,840 223.59 ± 21.43 3518 217.39 ± 20.31 484 211.45 ± 22.73 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3
50 m dash 19 yrs 535 7.66 ± 0.75 2469 7.58 ± 0.73 962 7.80 ± 0.75 127 7.99 ± 0.69 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.3
20 yrs 466 7.74 ± 0.78 3168 7.62 ± 0.70 1107 7.83 ± 0.76 55 8.16 ± 0.94 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.4
21 yrs 289 7.72 ± 0.86 2623 7.66 ± 0.75 693 7.81 ± 0.73 159 7.94 ± 0.76 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2
22 yrs 278 7.82 ± 0.76 2580 7.66 ± 0.71 756 7.84 ± 0.72 143 8.12 ± 0.81 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.4
19–22 yrs 1568 7.73 ± 0.78 10,840 7.63 ± 0.72 3518 7.82 ± 0.74 484 8.03 ± 0.79 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3
1000/800 m run 19 yrs 535 300.35 ± 60.34 2469 279.68 ± 55.96 962 287.17 ± 56.59 127 297.12 ± 53.03 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2
20 yrs 466 321.83 ± 64.73 3168 292.33 ± 62.03 1107 297.89 ± 57.88 55 313.92 ± 45.46 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3
21 yrs 289 304.32 ± 60.48 2623 298.03 ± 57.97 693 297.33 ± 52.91 159 307.53 ± 61.29 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2
22 yrs 278 302.08 ± 60.85 2580 291.90 ± 50.03 756 290.26 ± 48.42 143 296.29 ± 43.27 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1
19–22 yrs 1568 307.77 ± 62.42 10,840 290.72 ± 57.34 3518 293.21 ± 54.82 484 302.20 ± 52.78 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2

Note: # effect size between different groups; bold letter P < 0.05