Table 2.
Influence of the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids in oils administered to the rats on antioxidant enzymatic activities and glutathione in brain 1.
| Total 2 | Coconut | Soybean | EPA/DHA 1:1 | 80% DHA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brain | |||||
| SOD (U/g brain) | 663.75 (43.78) | 671 (127) | 702 (190) | 601 (111) | 681 (118) |
| CAT (mmol H2O2 decomposed/g brain) | 0.060 (0.01) | 0.059 (0.014) | 0.052 (0.016) | 0.049 (0.027) | 0.061 (0.024) |
| GPx (U/g brain) | 0.70 (0.05) | 0.71 (0.09) | 0.68 (0.13) | 0.65 (0.12) | 0.76 (0.07) |
| SOD/CAT | 11,062.50 | 11,372.88 | 13,500.00 | 12,265.31 | 11,163.93 |
| SOD/GPx | 948.21 | 945.07 | 1032.35 | 924.62 | 896.05 |
| SOD/GPx + CAT | 873.36 | 872.56 | 959.02 | 859.80 | 829.48 |
| GR (U/g brain) $ | 0.78 (0.15) | 0.66 a (0.14) | 0.96 b (0.38) | 0.66 a (0.17) | 0.84 ab (0.06) |
| GSH (µmol/g brain) $ | 0.28 (0.03) | 0.26 ab (0.03) | 0.24 a (0.04) | 0.30 bc (0.04) | 0.30 c (0.04) |
| GSSG (µmol/g brain) | 0.11 (0.01) | 0.11 (0.03) | 0.12 (0.03) | 0.11 (0.02) | 0.09 (0.01) |
| GSSG/GSH ratio $ | 0.41 (0.08) | 0.44 ab (0.12) | 0.50 a (0.15) | 0.36 bc (0.08) | 0.32 c (0.08) |
1 Values are expressed as mean (standard deviation) (n = 10). One-way ANOVA analyses were conducted. $ p < 0.05 significant differences due to the factor “oil” (Coconut, Soybean, EPA/DHA 1:1 and 80% DHA). Post hoc Tukey HSD analyses were performed following ANOVA to assess mean differences between groups. Means with the same superscript letter (a, b, c) are not significantly different from each other, while means with different letters indicate significant differences, according to Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). 2 “Total” refers to the mean (SD) obtained from the one-way ANOVA analysis for each measurement across all individuals in the respective brain region, regardless of the oil received. SOD, Superoxide Dismutase; CAT, Catalase; GPx, Glutathione Peroxidase; GR, Glutathione Reductase; GSH, Reduced Glutathione; GSSG, Oxidized Glutathione.