Characterization of site-directed GLuc mutants with enhanced bioluminescence (BL) intensity. (A) A schematic representation of the pET28-GLuc-SEP plasmid used for bacterial expression. The WT or mutated GLuc-SEP gene was inserted between BamHI and HindIII restriction sites. (B) SDS-PAGE analysis of purified GLuc-SEP protein. M, BI, AI, and Sol denote size markers before induction, after induction, and as a soluble fraction, respectively. The target protein is indicated by the box. (C) Assay of BL intensity of purified GLuc-SEP mutants at various concentrations. The BL intensities of the GLuc mutants were compared to those of the -type GLuc-SEP to verify BL enhancement.