Table 3.
Human hemodialysis patient serum metabolite concentrations. LC-MS/MS determined concentrations of different potential uremic toxins in sera from healthy donors and individuals undergoing hemodialysis for nephropathy, alongside coefficients of correlation between metabolite concentration and permeability of hCMEC/D3 cells to a 70 kDa fitc-dextran tracer following treatment with 20% sera for 24 h; n = 10–11, * p < 0.05 vs. healthy donors.
| Metabolite | Healthy donor (µM) |
Hemodialysis (µM) |
Permeability correlation |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rho | PFDR | |||
| p-Cresol sulfate | 14.12 ± 3.09 | 155.26 ± 27.36 * | 0.675 | 0.01 |
| p-Cresol glucuronide | 0.09 ± 0.03 | 10.63 ± 4.44 * | 0.394 | 0.12 |
| Indoxyl sulfate | 2.92 ± 0.45 | 147.18 ± 26.46 * | 0.400 | 0.09 |
| Serotonin | 0.64 ± 0.12 | 0.42 ± 0.18 | −0.233 | 0.64 |
| Kynurenine | 1.73 ± 0.23 | 4.63 ± 0.57 * | 0.371 | 0.06 |
| 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.01 * | 0.434 | 0.11 |
| Tryptophan | 42.30 ± 1.46 | 22.97 ± 2.35 * | −0.466 | 0.06 |
| 5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 1.28 ± 0.21 * | 0.464 | 0.08 |
| Xanthurenic acid | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.17 ± 0.05 * | 0.442 | 0.02 |
| Anthranilic acid | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.52 ± 0.1 * | 0.396 | 0.12 |
| Kynurenic acid | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 2.34 ± 0.58 * | 0.353 | 0.16 |
| Indole-3-lactic acid | 0.78 ± 0.12 | 2.42 ± 0.33 * | 0.397 | 0.12 |
| Indole-3-carboxaldehyde | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | −0.08 | 0.78 |
| Indole-carboxylic acid | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.041 | 0.89 |
| Indole-3-acetic acid | 2.45 ± 0.75 | 6.36 ± 2.07 | 0.385 | 0.17 |
| Indole-3-propionic acid | 1.73 ± 0.4 | 1.37 ± 0.35 | 0.051 | 0.47 |
| Methyl indole 3-acetate | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 7.44 ± 3.48 * | 0.241 | 0.43 |