Table 2.

Quality Assessment Using PEDro and RoB-2 Scales.

Study	PEDro Score	RoB-2 Assessment
Chen Y.L. et al. (2022) [45]	08/10.	Randomization Bias: Low (randomized allocation reported). Deviations from Intended Interventions: Low (adherence to intervention verified). Missing Outcome Data: Low (complete data for all participants). Measurement Bias: Low (objective measures like MAS and Clonus Test used). Selective Reporting Bias: Low (all pre-specified outcomes reported).
Celletti C. et al. (2017) [15]	07/10.	Randomization Bias: Low (adequate randomization procedure). Deviations from Intended Interventions: Low (well-described adherence and blinding). Missing Outcome Data: Low (minimal loss of follow-up). Measurement Bias: Low (objective scales like WMFT and MAS used). Selective Reporting Bias: Low (pre-registered protocol and all outcomes reported).
Toscano M. et al. (2019) [16]	07/10.	Randomization Bias: Low (random allocation clearly stated). Deviations from Intended Interventions: Low (adherence to protocol with sham control). Missing Outcome Data: Low (all participants accounted for). Measurement Bias: Low (validated outcome measures like NIHSS and Fugl-Meyer). Selective Reporting Bias: Low (full outcome reporting, no omissions).
Caliandro P. et al. (2012) [17]	06/10.	Randomization Bias: Low (adequate randomization). Deviations from Intended Interventions: Low (minimal deviation from protocol). Missing Outcome Data: Some concerns (minor loss of follow-up, but impact negligible). Measurement Bias: Low (objective measures like WMFT and MAS). Selective Reporting Bias: Low (outcomes reported as per trial protocol).
Costantino C. et al. (2017) [18]	08/10.	Randomization Bias: Low (randomization clearly described). Deviations from Intended Interventions: Low (proper blinding and adherence to protocol). Missing Outcome Data: Low (complete data reported). Measurement Bias: Low (objective assessments like Hand Grip Strength and MAS). Selective Reporting Bias: Low (all outcomes fully reported).
Calabrò R.S. et al. (2017) [19]	08/10.	Randomization Bias: Low (clear description of randomization). Deviations from Intended Interventions: Low (clear protocol adherence, no major deviations). Missing Outcome Data: Low (complete dataset, no missing data). Measurement Bias: Low (objective outcome measures used). Selective Reporting Bias: Low (outcomes pre-specified and fully reported).

Legend: PEDro Score: Physiotherapy Evidence Database Score, RoB-2: Risk of Bias 2 Tool.