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. 2024 Nov 17;12(11):2629. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12112629

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Representative histological observations and analyses of markers related to bone metabolism. TRAP staining of osteoclast infiltration in the periodontium, where osteoclasts are depicted in red, at both low and high magnifications (a). Immunohistochemical expression of OPG and RANKL in the interdental periodontal tissues (b). Immunohistochemical expression of OCN, BSP, and OSX in the interdental periodontal tissues (c). Immunohistochemical analysis (d). Means and standard deviations of the number of TRAP-positive cells, RANKL-positive cells/OPG-positive cells, OCN-positive cells, BSP-positive cells, and OSX-positive cells. Results represent the means ± SEM of four samples. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA. ns, no significance. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; **** p < 0.0001.