5-mC	5-methylcytosine
ABH	AlkB homologs
ADC	Apparent diffusion coefficient
αKG	α-ketoglutarate
AML	Acute myeloid leukemia
ATF	Activating transcription factor
ATM	Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated
ATRX	Alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked gene
BBB	Blood–brain barrier
BCAA	Branched-chain amino acids
BCAT (1/2)	Branched-chain aminotransferase (1 or 2)
BEAMing	Beads, emulsion, amplification, magnetics
CPE	Carboxypeptidase
CDC20	Cell division cycle 20
cfDNA	Cell-free circulating DNA
CHD (3-5)	Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein (3-5)
CRISPR	Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats
CSF	Cerebral spinal fluid
D-2-HG	D-2-Hydroxyglutarate
ddPCR	Digital droplet PCR
DDR	DNA damage repair
DBC1	Deleted in breast cancer 1
DSB	Double-stranded break
DSC	Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced MRI
DTI	Diffusion tensor imaging
DWI	Diffusion-weighted MRI
EN2	Engrailed 2
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor
FDA	Food and drug administration
FFPE	Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue
FRET	Fluorescence resonance energy transfer
FTO	Fat mass and obesity-associated protein
G-CIMP	Glioma CpG island methylator phenotype
GBM	Glioblastoma multiforme
GC–MS	Gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy
H&E	Hematoxylin and Eosin
HDAC	Histone deacetylase
HIF	Hypoxia-inducible factor
IDH	Isocitrate dehydrogenase
JmjC	Jumonji-C
KDM	Histone lysine demethylase
L-2-HG	L-2-Hydroxyglutarate
LAMP	Loop-mediated isothermal amplification
LC–MS	Liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy
LDH (A/B)	Lactate dehydrogenase A or B
LNA	Locked nucleic acid
m6A	N6-methyladenosine
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCT	Monocarboxylate transporters
MGMT	Methyl guanine methyl transferase
MRI	Magnetic resonance imaging
MRS	Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
MTT	Mean transit time
NAMPT	Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase
nCATS	Nanopore Cas9 targeted sequencing
NGS	Next generation sequencing
NuRD	Nucleosome remodeling
ONT	Oxford nanopore technology
PARP	Poly(ADP) ribose
PDB	Protein data bank
PFKP	Phosphofructokinase platelet
PHD	Prolyl hydroxylase
PNA	Peptide nucleic acid
PWI	Perfusion weighted MRI
PYCR1	Proline 5-carboxylase reductase 1
qRT-PCR	Quantitative real-time PCR
rCBF	Relative cerebral blood flow
rCBV	Relative cerebral blood volume
RNAseq	RNA sequencing
SNV	Single nucleotide variant
ssRNAseq	Single-cell RNA sequencing
STAT	Signal transducer and activator of transcription
T2-FLAIR	T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery
TERT	Telomerase reverse transcriptase
TET	Ten-eleven translocation
TMZ	Temozolomide
VAF	Variant allele frequency
VIM	Vimentin
WHO CNS5	World Health Organization central nervous system 5
WASF3	Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein family
ZMYND8	Zinc finger MYND-type containing 8