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. 2024 Nov 11;14(11):1433. doi: 10.3390/biom14111433

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Genomic profiling of capsular fibrosis around SMIs. Comprehensive profiling of capsular fibrosis around SMIs through genomic techniques has elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential clinical applications. Clinical context: The study involved 18 female patients with 23 breast capsules, comparing control (Baker Grade I and II) and contracted (Baker Grade III and IV) capsules. Genomic techniques: RNA samples underwent labeling with fluorescent dyes, reverse transcription, hybridization to microarray, and scanning to identify over-expressed (IL-8, MMP12, SAA1) and under-expressed (ACAN, TIMP4, TNFSF11) genes. Validation: qPCR and sequential immunohistochemistry (IHC) validated the expression of key genes, with IL-8 and MMP12 showing over-expression and ACAN, TIMP4, and TNFSF11 showing under-expression. Pro- and anti-inflammatory genes: The highlighted genes include pro-inflammatory markers (IL-8, MMP2) associated with ECM degradation and anti-inflammatory markers (ACAN, TIMP4) associated with ECM deposition.