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. 2024 Oct 24;12(11):2439. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12112439

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Lymphocytes counteract neutrophil-promoted idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) during aging. (A) Incidence of F-ILD and IPF according to the age of ILD patients and the combined counts of neutrophils (>5%) and lymphocytes (>7%) in the BAL; (B) incidence of F-ILD and IPF in ILD patients according to the combined counts of neutrophils (<5%, 5–15%, or >15%) and lymphocytes (<7%, 7–20%, or >20%) in the BAL of ILD patients at diagnosis. Pulmonary fibrosis was computed with the presence of reticular changes, traction bronchiectasis, and honeycombing in the radiological study p estimated using the Chi-square test. Dashed lines indicate the mean incidence of fibrosis in total patients.