Table 2.
Tumor features and TNM data of the included studies.
| Author | Year | Primary SCC Site |
T-Stage (No. Cases (%)) | N-Stage (No. Cases (%)) | Multiple Metastasis (No. Cases (%)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abbas et al. [19] | 2018 | O | NA | a N0 54 (62%); N1 15 (17%); N2a 2 (2%); N2b 15 (17%); N2c 2 (2%) | 1 (16.7%) |
| Aires et al. [20] | 2017 | O | T1–2 6 (23%); T3–4 20 (76.9%) |
N− 4(15.4%); N+ 22 (84.6%) |
6 (23.1%) |
| Al-Othman et al. [21] | 2003 | OP |
a T1–T2 444 (51%); T3 337 (39%); T4 92 (10%) |
a N0 343 (39%); N1 118 (14%); N2 335 (38%); N3 77 (9%) | 24 (20%) |
| Albergotti et al. [22] | 2018 | OP HPV+ | PolyM+: Tx 1 (4.17%); T1 5 (20.83%); T2 12 (50%); T3 3 (12.5%); T4 5 (19.23%) OligoM+: T1 1 (7.14%); T2 7 (50%); T3 2 (14.29%); T4 2 (16.67%) |
PolyM+: N1 2 (8.33%); N2a 1 (4.17%); N2b 13 (50%); N2c 5 (19.23%); N3 5 (20.83%) OligoM+: N1 3 (21.43%); N2a 1 (7.14); N2b 6 (50%); N2c 1 (8.33%); N3 1 (7.14%) |
26 (68.4%) |
| Barros-Silva et al. [23] | 2020 | O; OP | T1–2 7 (31.8%); T3–4 15 (68.2%) |
N0 8 (36.4%); N+ 14 (63.6%) |
NA |
| Berzenji et al. [24] | 2021 | O; OP; HP; L; NP; sinus; CUP | NA | NA | OligoM+ 115 (35.5%) Explosive 64 (19.8%) Explosive/ disseminating 145 (44.8%) |
| Caballero et al. [25] | 2008 | HP; L | T1–2 9 (37.5%); T3–4 15 (62.5%) |
N0–1 8 (33.3%); N2–3 16 (66.6%) |
7 (29.1%) |
| Calhoun et al. [26] | 1994 | O; OP; HP; L | b T1 7%; T2 11%; T3 13%; T4 18% | b N0 8%; N1 14%; N2 15%; N3 23% | 17 (20%) |
| Chiesa-Estomba et al. [27] | 2021 | O; OP; HP; L; NP | T1–2 3 3 (10.3%); T3–4 26 (89.6%) |
N0 7 (24.1%); N+ 22 (75.8%) |
NA |
| Coca-Pelaz et al. [28] | 2012 | O; OP; HP; L | T1–2 13 (21.6%); T3–4 47 (78.3%) |
N0–1 13 (21.6%); N2–3 47 (78.3%) |
24 (40%) |
| Dragovic et al. [29] | 2013 | O; OP; HP; L |
a T1 56 (10%); T2 161 (29%); T3 169 (30%); T4 174 (31%) |
a N0 183 (33%); N1 77 (14%); N2 247 (44%); N3 53 (10%) |
10 (18%) |
| Duprez et al. [30] | 2017 | O; OP; HP; L; CUP | T1–2 49 (34.7%); T3–4 75 (53.1%) |
N0–1 35 (24.8%); N2–3 104 (73.7%) |
NA |
| Fleming et al. [31] | 2021 | OP HPV+ | NA | NA | 57 (69.5%) |
| Gaffney et al. [32] | 2023 | OP HPV+ | T1–T2 20 (38%); T3–T4 32 (62%) |
N0 1 (2%); N1 36 (69%); N2 14 (27%); N3 1 (2%) | 20 (38.5%) |
| Garavello et al. [33] | 2006 | O; OP; HP; L | T1–2 44 (24.3%); T3–4 137 (75.7%) |
N0–1 92 (50.8%); N2–3 89 (49.2%) |
55 (30.4%) |
| Gumusay et al. [34] | 2015 | O; OP; HP; L; NP |
a T1–2 138 (47); T3 81 (28); T4 65 (22) |
a N0 112 (38); N1 54 (19); N2 108 (37); N3 12 (4) |
8 (29.6%) |
| Hasegawa et al. [35] | 2015 | O | T1–2 16 (53.3%); T3–4 14 (46.7%) |
N0–1 16 (53.3%); N2–3 14 (46.7%) |
3 (10%) |
| Hauswald et al. [36] | 2011 | OP; HP |
a T2 9 (7%); T3 24 (19%); T4 94 (74%); Tx 3 (2%) |
N0–1 4 (8.8%); N2–3 41 (91.1%) |
16 (36%) |
| Huang et al. [37] | 2013 | OP | HPV+: T1–2 25 (46.3%) T3–4 29 (53.7%) HPV−: T1–2 8 (32%) T3–4 17 (68%) |
HPV+: N0–1 6 (11.1%) N2-3 48 (88.8%) HPV−: N0–1 6 (24%) N2–3 19 (76%) |
HPV+ 18/54 (33%) HPV− 0/25 (0%) |
| Kang et al. [38] | 2016 | O; OP; HP; L; NP; sinuses | T1 19 (19%); T2 24 (25%); T3 20 (20%); T4 35 (36%) | N0 25 (26%); N1 14 (14%); N2 55 (56%); N3 4 (4%) | 30 (30.6%) |
| Kowalski et al. [39] | 2005 | O; OP |
a T1 161 (7%); T2 475 (20%); T3 527 (23%); T4 1164 (50%) |
a N0 936 (40%); N1 535 (23%); N2a/b 450 (19%); N2c 258 (11%); N3 130 (6%); NX 18 (1%) | 7 (7.8%) |
| Krstevska et al. [40] | 2010 | O; OP; HP; L |
a T1 6 (3%); T2 72 (36%); T3 87 (43%); T4 36 (18%) |
a N0 120 (60%); N1 43 (21%); N2 35 (17%); N3 3 (2%) |
4 (15.4%) |
| Lee et al. [41] | 2012 | O; OP; HP; L | T1–2 13 (36.1%); T3–4 23 (63.8%) |
N0–1 15 (41.6%); N2–3 21 (58.3%) |
12 (33.3%) |
| León et al. [42] | 2000 | O; OP; HP; L; NP |
c T1–2 16 (25%); T3–4 48 (75%) |
c N0–1 35 (54.7%); N2–3 29 (45.3%) |
20 (11.2%) |
| Lim J-Y et al. [43] | 2010 | O; OP; HP; L | cT1–2 23 (5.5%); cT3–4 21 (8.9%) pT1–2 17 (5.8%); pT3–4 27 (10.8%) |
cN− 11 (3.1%); cN+ 33 (12%) pN− 9 (5.8%); pN+ 35 (11.5%) | 7 (16%) * * among the DM with LRC group (44) |
| Lim Y-C et al. [44] | 2007 | O; OP | cT1–2 8 (57.1%); cT3–4 6 (42.8%) pT1–2 7 (50%); pT3–4 7 (50%) |
cN- 2 (14.3%); cN+ 12 (85.7%) pN- 1 (7.1%); pN+ 12 (85.7%) |
1 (7.1%) |
| Mattioli et al. [45] | 2022 | OP | p16+ 35 (61.4%): cT1–2 8 (22.8%); cT3–4 27 (77.1%) p16− 21 (36.8%): cT1–2 5 (23.8%); cT3–4 16 (76.2%) | p16+ 35 (61.4%): cN0–1 18 (51.4%); cN2–3 17 (48.5%) p16− 21 (36.8%): cN0–1 5 (23.8%); cN2–3 16 (76.1%) | 4 (7%) |
| McBride et al. [46] | 2013 | OP | a T1–T3 (75%); T4 (25%) | a N0-2b (50%); N2c-3 (50%) | 14 (56%) |
| Merino et al. [9] | 1977 | O; OP; HP; L; sinus | T1–2 7.8%; T3–4 14% |
N0–1 6.3%; N2–3 24% |
50 (9.1%) |
| Osaki et al. [47] | 2000 | O; OP; sinus | T1–2 19 (45.3%); T3–4 23 (54.7%) |
N− 17 (40.5%); N+ 25 (59.5%) |
5 (11.9%) |
| Shingaki et al. [48] | 1996 | O; OP; sinus | T1–2 10 (47.6%); T3–4 11 (52.3%) |
N0–1 12 (57.1%); N2 9 (42.8%) |
7 (33.3%) |
| Shintani et al. [49] | 1995 | O (tongue) | T1–2 14 (63.6%); T3–4 8 (36.6%) |
N0 3; N+ 15 |
3 (13.6%) |
| Tomioka et al. [50] | 2021 | O | NA | N− 5 (13.9%); N+ 31 (86.1%) |
NA |
| Trosman et al. [51] | 2015 | OP HPV+: 28 (11.1%) HPV-: 9 (23.1%) |
a HPV+: T1-2 151(60%); T3–4 101 (40%) HPV−: T1-2 6 (15%); T3–4 33 (85%) |
aHPV+: N0 6 (3%); N1-2a 51 (20%); N2b-3 195 (77%) HPV−: N0 4 (10%); N1-2a 11 (28%); N2b-3 24 (62%) |
HPV+: 9 (32%) HPV−: 1 (11%) |
| Yao et al. [52] | 2011 | O; OP; HP; L; CUP | NA | NA | 7 (15.6%) |
Index: a TNM of all patients (including DM patients); b raw data not extractable; c TNM of DM patients with locoregional failure. Abbreviations: CUP: carcinoma of unknown primary; DM: distant metastasis; HP: hypopharyngeal; HPV: human papilloma virus; L: laryngeal; NA: not available; NP: nasopharyngeal; O: oral; OP: oropharyngeal; PolyM: poly-metastasis; OligoM: oligo-metastasis.